微卫星标记对封闭群和近交第五代WHBE兔的遗传分析

目的分析比较封闭群白毛黑眼（WHBE）兔和近交第五代（F5）WHBE兔的微卫星结构的变化，寻找针对WHBE兔品系的遗传监测基因位点并应用于实际监测。方法利用21个微卫星位点，通过微卫星分子标记技术对封闭群和近交F5代WHBE兔进行遗传多样性检测和对比。结果在21对微卫星引物中筛选出扩增产物稳定并且具有多态性的11对微卫星引物。封闭群WHBE兔在每个位点上的等位基因数为3－8个不等，11个位点的平均有效等位基因数为3．0344个，平均杂合度为0．4956，平均多态信息含量（PIC）为0．6130，多位点累积个体识别率达到100％，多位点累积非父排除概率（CPE）在双亲信息都是未知情况下的为0．9683，而在得知任一亲本信息的情况下，CPE值为0．9980；近交F5代WHBE兔在每个位点上的等位基因数为3-9个不等，11个位点的平均有效等位基因数为1．8132个，平均杂合度为0．3808，平均多态信息含量（PIC）为0．5241，多位点累积个体识别率达到100％，多位点累积非父排除概率（CPE）在双亲信息都是未知情况下的为0．9264，而在得知任一亲本信息的情况下，CPE值为0．9933。在10个封闭群WHBE特有的等位基因中（与日本大耳白兔、新西兰兔DNA多态性比较），其中7个微卫星位点的8个等位基因为封闭群与近交F5代WHBE兔所共同特有。近交F5代WHBE兔的平均有效等位基因数和平均杂合度均比封闭群低，说明经过5代培育，近交F5代的基因纯合度高于封闭群，具有更优的遗传稳定性。结论本研究选取的21个微卫星位点中的11个适用于WHBE兔近交系培育的遗传监测。

Genetic Analysis of Outbred and Inbred F5 of WHBE Rabbit by Microsatellite Loci

Objective To assess and verify the identity of outbred and mbred F5 of WHBE rabbit on molecular level, polymorphism of microsateUite loci of WHBE rabbit genome were analysed. Methods Twenty-one microsatellite loci of rabbit were used to analyze and compare the genetic polymorphism in two rabbit population. Results Eleven microsatellite loci which were successfully amplified with high polymorphism were selected in 21 microsatellite loci. For the outbred WHBE rabbit, the number of alleles ranged from 3 to 8; the average number of effective alleles was 3.0344 and the average observed heterozygosity was 0.4956. The average value of polymorphism information content or the power of cumulative discrimination for the 11 polymorphic loci was 0.6130 and 1.0, respectively. The average exclusion probability for the 11 polymorphic loci in the absence or in the presence of genetic information on the first parent was 0.9683 and 0.9980, respectively. For the mbred F5 generation of WHBE rabbit, the number of alleles ranged from 3 to 9; the average number of effective alleles was 1.8132 and the average observed heterozygosity was 0.3808. The average value of polymorphism information content or the power of cumulative discrimination for the 11 polymorphic loci was 0.5241 and 1.0, respectively. The average exclusion probability for the 11 polymorphic loci in the absence or in the presence of genetic information on the first parent was 0.9264 and 0.9933, respectively. Eight alleles in 7 microsatellite loci were specific in both outbred and F5 of WHBE rabbit. The average number of effective alleles and the average observed heterozygosity of F5 were lower than those of outbred. It showed that the purity of gene in F5 was higher than that in outbred of WHBE rabbit. Conclusion 11 microsatellite loci we selected were suitable for monitoring cultivation of inbred strain of WHBE rabbit.