城市老年人幸福感现状及其影响因素

目的：：了解某市老年人幸福感现状及其影响因素。方法：采用便利抽样法,随机抽取蚌埠市禹会区4个社区的老年人为研究对象,应用国家卫生部试行的特殊人群之老年人问卷及一般人口学资料对研究对象进行调查。结果：29.5%的人觉得很幸福,45.1%的人觉得幸福,22.7%的人觉得幸福感时有时无,1.5%的人觉得偶尔有幸福感,1.1%的人觉得不幸福。老年人幸福感与其食欲状况、睡眠状况、个人经济状况、家庭关系、亲友关系和邻居关系均呈正相关关系(P<0.05~P<0.01),而与文化程度无相关关系(P>0.05)。结论：该市老年人的幸福感强,其主要影响因素有个人经济、食欲、睡眠、社会关系。调动社会各领域如政府提高社会支持,小区改善文化氛围,社区医疗加大健康教育宣传,并实施心理干预,可以提高老年人的幸福感。

Present status of happiness in urban elderly people and the influencing factors

Objective:To investigate the present status of well-being in the elderly in a city and the influencing factors. Methods:The elderly people in 4 communities in Yuhui District, Bengbu were randomly selected by optional sampling as study objects. All the subjects were surveyed by questionnaires by the Ministry of Health for the special group and ordinary gemology data. Results:Twenty-nine point five percent of them felt very happy,45. 1% happy,22. 7% sometimes happy and sometimes not,1. 5% happy occasionally and 1. 1% unhappy. The happiness of the elderly was positively correlated with their appetite,sleeping quality,personal economic status and relation with the family,friends and neighbors(P<0. 05 to P<0. 01),whereas it had no correlation with the education background (P>0. 05). Conclusions:The elderly in the city have strong sense of happiness,which is mainly influenced by their economic condition,appetite,sleeping quality and social relations. The well-being of the elderly could be increased by means of mobilizing every social field such as the government to enhance the social support,improve the cultural atmosphere and medical care of the community and execute psychological interventions.