兔背部皮下注射法建立增生性瘢痕动物模型

目的探索无水乙醇皮下注射后对皮肤外形及形态的影响，建立简便易重复的瘢痕动物模型。方法选取体质量均为1.5 kg的新西兰大白兔27只，雌雄不限，随机分为甲、乙、丙3组。将浓度为99.5%的乙醇按照1、2、3 mL/kg 3种剂量分别注入甲、乙、丙3组兔子背部皮肤真皮层，观察注射后7、30、90 d注射位点的变化，得出最佳造模方法。结果乙组兔子30 d后肉眼可见类似人增生性瘢痕样组织形成，HE染色镜下可观察到表皮层增厚明显，真皮层中胶原纤维排列紊乱，Ⅰ型胶原纤维免疫组织化学染色，可见组织内Ⅰ型胶原蛋白染成棕黄色，细胞质内可见棕黄色颗粒，Ⅰ型胶原纤维数量明显增多。结论2 mL/kg无水乙醇兔子背部皮下注射，经自然愈合后形成的增生性瘢痕与人体增生性瘢痕相似, 可作为研究增生性瘢痕的发生机制及评估其治疗方法的动物模型之一。

Establishment of a novel hypertrophic scar animal model by subcutaneous injection on the back of rabbits

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of anhydrous alcohol by subcutaneous injection on the appearance and morphology of skin, and establish a simple and repeatable animal model of scar.MethodsTwenty-seven New Zealand white rabbits, weighing 1.5 kg, were randomly divided into the A group, B group and C group.The 99.5% alcohol was injected into the dorsal dermis of rabbits in A, B and C groups at the doses of 1, 2 and 3 mL/kg, respectively.The changes of injection sites at 7, 30 and 90 d were observed according to the POSAS scoring standard and microscopic appearance for finding out the best dose.ResultsThe tissue similar to human hypertrophic scar in B group was found at 30 d of injection.The HE staining showed the epidermal layer significantly thickened, and the collagen fiber arrangement disorderedin the dermis.The results of type Ⅰ collagen fiber IHC staining showed that the type Ⅰ collagen was stained for brown, and the brown granules were found in the cytoplasm, and the number of type Ⅰ collagen fibers increased significantly under the microscope.ConclusionsThe hypertrophic scar formed by 2 mL/kg anhydrous alcoholic by subcutaneous injection is similar to the human hypertrophic scar, and can be used as one of the animal models in studying the mechanism of hypertrophic scar and evaluating the treatment.