心房颤动病人焦虑抑郁状况及影响因素分析

目的了解房颤病人的焦虑、抑郁现状并分析其影响因素。方法选取住院治疗的房颤病人116例，自行设计一般资料调查表收集病人住院期间临床资料，同时采用焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表和疾病不确定感量表于病人出院前1 d进行现况调查。结果与国内常模相比，房颤病人的焦虑、抑郁水平均较高（P < 0.01）。多元线性回归分析提示，持续性房颤及是否接受射频消融治疗是房颤病人焦虑、抑郁的共同影响因素（P < 0.05~P < 0.01）；合并有高血压、文化程度、是否接受相关知识宣教是其焦虑情绪的独立影响因素（P < 0.05~P < 0.01）；纽约心脏协会心功能分级、疾病不确定感是其抑郁情绪的独立影响因素（P < 0.05和P < 0.01）。焦虑评分模型中，5个自变量累计解释焦虑评分变异的56.2%（R2=0.562，调整R2=0.518）；抑郁评分模型中，4个自变量累计解释抑郁评分变异的47.8%（R2=0.478，调整R2=0.453）。结论房颤病人射频消融术前焦虑抑郁水平明显高于国内常模，其术前焦虑、抑郁情绪均受多种因素影响。医护人员一方面应加强病人疾病相关知识宣教、减轻病人的疾病不确定感，另一方面应对持续性房颤及接受射频消融治疗的房颤病人进行重点干预。

Investigation of anxiety and depression in patients with atrial fibrillation,and its influencing factors analysis

ObjectiveTo investigate the present situation of anxiety and depression in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), and analyze its influencing factors.MethodsThe clinical data of 116 patients with AF during hospitalization were collected by self-designed general data questionnaire.The patients were investigated using the self-rating anxiety scale, self-rating depression scale and disease uncertainty scale before a day of discharge.ResultsCompared with the domestic norm, the levels of anxiety and depression in patients with AF were higher (P < 0.01).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that persistent AF and whether to receive radiofrequency ablation were the common influencing factors of anxiety and depression of patients (P < 0.05 to P < 0.01), the hypertension, educational level and whether to accept relevant knowledge education were the independent influencing factors of anxiety (P < 0.05 to P < 0.01), and the NYHA cardiac function classification and uncertainty of disease were the independent influencing factors of depression (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01).In the anxiety scoring model, 5 independent variables accounted for 56.2% of the variation of anxiety score (R2=0.562, adjusted R2=0.518).In the depression scoring model, 4 independent variables cumulatively explained 47.8% of the variation in depression score (R2=0.478, adjusted R2=0.453).ConclusionsThe levels of anxiety and depression in patients with AF before radiofrequency ablation are significantly higher than those in domestic norm, and the preoperative anxiety and depression are affected by many factors.On the one hand, the medical staff should strengthen the education of patients' disease-related knowledge to reduce the uncertainty of patients' disease, on the other hand, the patients with high negative emotion should be heavily intervened.