ICU肺部感染患者痰标本的病原学分析

目的:了解ICU肺部感染患者主要致病菌株的分布和耐药性,为临床合理用药提供依据.方法:对2008年8月至2012年2月ICU肺部感染患者痰培养分离菌1 425株的药敏结果进行回顾性分析,药敏结果使用CLSI判断标准.结果:1 425株病原菌中革兰阴性菌占64.8%,革兰阳性球菌占19.6%,真菌占15.6%.痰培养前八位的细菌分别是鲍曼复合醋酸钙不动杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、白色念珠菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌、表皮葡萄球菌、光滑念珠菌.药敏结果除真菌耐药率较低外,其他病原菌均有较高耐药率.结论:ICU肺部感染患者的病原菌种类多样,多重耐药菌株是监测的重点.

Etiologic analysis of sputum from patients with pulmonary infection in ICU

Objective:To investigate the distribution and antibiotic resistance of pathogens that cause pulmonary infections among patients in the intensive care unit(ICU),and provide basis for rational selection of clinical drugs.Methods:The clinical date of 1 425 bacterial strains isolated from the sputum of patients with pulmonary infection in the ICU from Aug.2008 to Feb.2012 were retrospectively analyzed and validated exclusively with the CLSI standard.Results:Of the infection pathogens,gram-negative bacteria accounted for 64.8%,gram-positive cocci 19.6% and fungi 15.6%.The common clinical isolates in ICU were Acinetobacter baumannii,Staphylococcus aureus,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Candida albicans,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus epidermidis and Candida glabrata,all of which showed high resistance to the antibiotics except fungi.Conclusions:The pathogen in ICU is diverse.Multidrug resistant strains are the focus of concern.