中国壮族、白族、藏族和蒙古族群体中D19S400基因座的遗传多态性研究

采用ＰＣＲ技术分析中国壮族、白族、藏族和蒙古族４个群体中Ｄ１９Ｓ４００基因座的遗传多态性，获得了该４个群体Ｄ１９Ｓ４００基因座的群体遗传学数据。从３５６份分别采自南宁壮族、大理白族、拉萨藏族和海拉尔蒙古族４个群体的无血缘关系个体的静脉血，共发现９个等位基因，观察到４０种基因型。观察杂合度为０．７５～０．８９，个人识别机率为０．９２７４～０．９６２５。观察到的基因型频率分布符合Ｈａｒｄｙ－Ｗｅｉｎｂｅｒｇ平衡定律。等位基因频率的分布在４个群体之间有显著性差异。作者认为Ｄ１９Ｓ４００基因座个人识别能力高，方法简便、灵敏、重复性好，在法医学个人识别和亲子鉴定应用中有较高的价值。

Genetic Polymorphisms of the D19S400 Locus in Chinese Zhuang, Bai,Tibetan, Mongolian Populations

Four Chinese populations have been studied by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for obtaining the data on genetic polymorphisms of D19S400 locus in four populations in China and for evaluating its use in forensic practice. EDTA blood samples were collected from 356 unrelated individuals in Nanning (Zhuang), Dali (Bai), Lasa (Tibetan); Hailaer (Mongolian), DNA samples were extracted by Phenol/Chloroform method. The PCR products were analyzed by PAG vertical electrophoresis. Nine alleles and 42 genotypes were found at D19S400 locus in these four populations. The heterozygosity was between 0.75 and 0.89 and the discriminating power between 0.9274 and 0.9625. Significant difference was observed in the distribution of allele frequencies among the four Chinese populations. According to the results obtained in this study, D19S400 locus is a useful marker for individual indentification, paternity testing and for genetics study.