美国泌尿协会症状指数评分在女性2型糖尿病神经性膀胱患者中的应用价值研究

  目的  探讨美国泌尿协会症状指数(the American Urological Association symptom index，AUA-SI)评分在女性2型糖尿病神经性膀胱(diabetic neurogenic bladder, DNB)患者中的应用价值。  方法  选取2015年7月至2018年7月于我院住院治疗的2型糖尿病女性患者289例为研究对象。对其进行膀胱残余尿检测(residual urine volume，RUV)、眼底检查及随机尿蛋白肌酐比检测等，同时利用AUA-SI评分量表对其进行问卷调查。采用多因素logistic回归分析女性2型糖尿病患者发生DNB的危险因素；运用ROC曲线对AUA-SI评分行诊断性评价；运用线性回归对AUA-SI评分与糖尿病视网膜病变分期、糖尿病肾病分期行线性趋势检验。  结果  DNB组患者较非DNB组患者的空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白和AUS-SI评分高(P＜0.001)。多因素logistic回归分析显示AUA-SI评分对女性DNB发生的预测价值最大〔比值比(OR)=1.876，P＜0.001〕。对AUA-SI评分行诊断性评价，ROC曲线下面积为0.843，P=0.000，95%可信区间(0.799，0.888)，最佳诊断界值为7.5分，其对应的敏感度为0.747，特异度为0.822。AUA-SI评分与糖尿病视网膜病变、糖尿病肾病的分期之间存在正相关(P < 0.01)。  结论  AUA-SI评分可用于筛查女性DNB患者，其评分能反映DNB、糖尿病视网膜病变、糖尿病肾病的病变程度，临床应用价值较高。

Application Value of American Urological Association Symptom Index Score in Female Patients with Type 2 Diabetic Neurogenic Bladder

  Objective  To explore the application value of American Urological Association symptom index (AUA-SI) score in female patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus with neurogenic bladder.  Methods  This study included 289 female patients with type 2 diabetes who were hospitalized in our hospital from July 2015 to July 2018. To each of them, residual urine volume (RUV) test, fundus test, and random urinary albumin creatinine ratio (UACR) test were performed, and a questionnaire survey was conducted using AUA-SI scale. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of diabetic neurogenic bladder (DNB) in women with type 2 diabetes.RUV≥100 mL was used as the diagnostic golden standard for DNB, and the patients were divided into DNB group and non-DNP group. The ROC curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of AUA-SI. Linear regression was used to test the linear trend of AUA-SI score with diabetic retinopathy stage and diabetic nephropathy stage.  Results  The levels of the fasting plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and AUA-SI score in DNP group were higher than those in non-DNP group (P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that AUA-SI score had the greatest predictive value for the occurrence of DNB 〔odds ratio (OR)=1.876, P < 0.001〕.The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.843, P=0.000, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.799, 0.888). The optimal diagnostic threshold was 7.5, the corresponding sensitivity was 0.747, and the specificity was 0.822. There was a positive correlation between the severity of AUA-SI score and the stage of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic nephropathy (P < 0.01).  Conclusion  AUA-SI score can be used to screen female patients with DNB, while it seems parallel to the severity of DNP, diabetic retinopathy and diabetic nephropathy.