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Effects of ethanol and water extracts of propolis (bee glue) on acute inflammatory animal models |
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| Authors: | Hu Fuliang Hepburn H R Li Yinghua Chen M Radloff S E Daya S |
| Institution: | aCollege of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China bDepartment of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa cZhejiang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310053, China dDepartment of Statistics, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa eDepartment of Pharmacology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa |
| Abstract: | The anti-inflammatory effects of ethanol (EEP) and water (WSD) extracts in ICR mice and Wistar rats were analyzed. Both WSD and EEP exhibited significant anti-inflammatory effects in animal models with respect to thoracic capillary vessel leakage in mice, carrageenan-induced oedema, carrageenan-induced pleurisy, acute lung damage in rats. The mechanisms for the anti-inflammatory effects probably involve decreasing prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2) and nitric oxide (NO) levels. In rats with Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) induced arthritis, propolis extracts significantly inhibited the increase of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in inflamed tissues, but had no significant effect on levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). The results are consistent with the interpretation that EEP and WSD may exert these effects by inhibiting the activation and differentiation of mononuclear macrophages. |
| Keywords: | Propolis Freund's complete adjuvant induced arthritis Anti-inflammatory effects |
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