醋的种类对炮制草乌生物碱类成分的影响

目的：探讨醋的种类对醋制草乌生物碱类成分的影响,为筛选炮制辅料用醋提供依据。方法：采用不同类型的米醋炮制草乌,HPLC法测定炮制品中3种双酯型生物碱和3种单酯型生物碱的含量,比较采用不同类型的醋制备的草乌炮制品中生物碱的含量差异。结果：各炮制品中双酯型生物碱的含量：生草乌〉食用乙酸制草乌〉工业乙酸制草乌〉陈醋制草乌≈龙门米醋制草乌〉玫瑰醋制草乌〉药典法制草乌;单酯型生物碱的含量：药典法制草乌〉食用乙酸制草乌〉龙门米醋制草乌≈工业乙酸制草乌〉陈醋制草乌≈玫瑰醋制草乌〉生草乌。结论：醋制草乌可以达到炮制减毒的效果,食用醋比乙酸的减毒效果更佳。

Influence of Ester- Type Aconitum Alkaloids on Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii Processed by Different Kinds of Vinegar

Objective： To compare the difference of the content of ester - type aconitum alkaloids in Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii processed by different kinds of vinegar, and according to the results, to screen the best vinegar for processing Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii. Method： Aconiti Kusnezoffii was processed by different kinds of vinegar and official meth- od. The concentrations of aconitine, hypaconitine, mesaconitine, benzoyl aconine, benzoyl hypaconitine and benzoyl mesaconitine were detected by using HPLC method. Result ： The content of biester - type aconitum in different products of Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii was the following order：crude products 〉 edible acetic acid processed products 〉 industrial ace- tic acid processed products 〉 old vinegar processed products ~ Longmen rice vinegar processed products 〉 rose vinegar processed products 〉 offical method processed products ; the content of monoester - type aconitum in different products of Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii was the following order：offical method processed products 〉 edible acetic acid processed prod- ucts 〉 Longmen rice vinegar processed products ~- industrial acetic acid processed products 〉 old vinegar processed prod- ucts--~ rose vinegar processed products 〉 crude products. Conclusion ： Processing by vinegar can hydrolyze biester - type aconitum to monoester - type aconitum and reduce the toxicity of Aconitum. Edible acetic acid has a stronger role of reducing toxicity than acetic acid.