中医气虚体质影响因素的性别差异分析——基于22332例一般人群数据

目的]探讨中医气虚体质影响因素的性别差异。方法]应用已建立的健康状况调查数据库中的22 332例数据进行研究。样本数据来自中国江苏、安徽、甘肃、青海、福建、北京、吉林、江西、河南、广东10个省市。采用中医体质量表的气虚质亚量表对气虚体质进行评价。应用单因素分析和多元逐步回归分析法探讨不同性别人群的气虚体质得分影响因素。结果]多元逐步回归分析结果显示,按照标准回归系数(绝对值)大小从高到低依次排序,影响男性气虚体质评分的因素为有慢性疾病、不太运动、出生后非母乳喂养、婚况因素(未婚)、喜热、喜咸、喜冷(凉)、喜清淡、喜甜饮食;女性为有慢性疾病、不太运动、喜热饮食、出生后非母乳喂养、喜清淡、喜甜饮食。其中共同的影响因素为有慢性疾病、不太运动、出生后非母乳喂养、喜热、喜清淡、喜甜饮食;不同因素为婚况因素(未婚)、喜咸、喜冷(凉)饮食。结论]不同性别人群的气虚体质得分影响因素虽大致相同,但又有其不同特点。在进行气虚体质调节时,应对性别加以区分。

Gender differences in influence factors of traditional Chinese medicine Qi deficiency constitution: based on 22 332 cases of the general population

Objective] To explore the gender differences in influence factors of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Qi deficiency constitution.Methods] A total of 22 332 cases were included in this study, which were recruited from 10 provinces in China (Jiangsu, Anhui, Gansu, Qinghai, Fujian, Beijing, Jilin, Jiangxi, Henan, and Guangdong). The Qi deficiency constitution subscale of Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire (CCMQ) was used to evaluate Qi deficiency constitution. Multiple regression analysis was used to explore the influence factors of Qi deficiency constitution scores in different gender groups.Results] According to the absolute value of standard regression coefficient in multiple regression analysis, the influence factors of Qi deficiency constitution score for the male were chronic disease, less exercises, non-breastfed after birth, unmarried, and preference to any of high temperature, high salt, cold, light or sweet diet, while those for the female were chronic disease, less exercises, preference to high temperature diet, non-breastfed after birth, and preference to light or sweet diet. The common factors were chronic disease, less exercise, non-breastfed after birth, preference to high temperature, light and sweet diet; the different factors were marital status (unmarried), preference to high salt and cold diet.Conclusion] Although the influence factors of Qi deficiency constitution score in different gender groups were roughly the same, they had different characteristics. Gender difference should be paid attention in the condition of Qi deficiency constitution.