贵州天麻遗传多态性的ISSR初步分析

目的：构建贵州天麻ISSR指纹图谱，分析彼此间的遗传关系。方法：采用ISSR分子标记技术对贵州省境内的23个野生和栽培天麻居群的样品进行了初步研究，从24个ISSR引物中筛选出4个有效引物，在供试的23个样品中共检测到32个位点，其中29个表现出多态性，占总带数的90．63％，平均每个引物扩增的DNA带数为8条。天麻的多态位点百分率（PPB）在80％和100％之间。用NTSYSpc，vet．2．02软件进行UFGMA聚类分析。结果：23个居群的相似性系数在0．13—1．00之间，同一变型的天麻样品并不严格聚为一类，不同变型天麻样品之间的遗传变异较大。结论：地理分布和生长环境的差异以及人为的选择是导致天麻形成丰富的遗传多态性的一个重要的原因。

Genetic Polymorphism of Gastrodia elata Bl. Populations from Guizhou Based on ISSR Analysis

Objective:To construct the fingerprinting and analyze the genetic relationship in Gastrodia elata Bl.Methods:Inter-simple sequence repeat(ISSR) markers were used to investigate 23 populations of wild and cultivated Gastrodia elata Bl.in Guizhou Province.4 effective primers which were screened from 24 ISSR primers detected 32 loci in 23 samples,29 loci were polymorphic,amounting to 90.63% of the total loci..The average number of bands was 8 and the percentage of polymorphic loci(PPB)was from 80% to 100%.UPGMA dendrogram was analyzed by NTSYSpc,ver.2.2.Results:Similarity coefficients of the 23 populations were from 0.13 to 1.00.Individuals of the same population did not strictly cluster together and the genetic diversity of individuals in different populations was considerably high.Conclusion:Geographical distribution,variant growing conditions and artificial selection were significant factors for the rich genetic polymorphism of Gastrodia elata Bl.