中医标本理论对肿瘤预防及诊治的指导作用

中医的标本理论起源于《黄帝内经》,是中医认识疾病的本质和现象的特有的研究分析方法,对于指导恶性肿瘤预防、诊断及治疗各阶段均有着极为重要的指导作用。标本理论重视肿瘤病因的诊断,认为致癌因素是本,瘤体形成是标;外来之邪是标,阴阳失衡、脏腑功能失调是本;肿瘤病因诊断是本,瘤体诊断是标。要重视瘤体形成前的诊断与治疗,重视瘤体与整体的辩证关系,重视扶正与祛癌标本兼治,认为针对瘤体的治疗是治标,针对祛除致癌因素预防肿瘤的发生、复发和转移是治本,要中西医有机结合治疗。重视＂以人为本＂,认为以肿瘤大小作为疗效评价标准为标,以生活质量及生存期作为疗效评价标准为本。重视预防,强调肿瘤治疗是标,预防是本,肿瘤可防。

The guidance of TCM theory manifestation and root cause to the prevention and treatment of tumor

TCM theory of manifestation and root cause which originates in Nei Jing is valuable to guide the prevention and treatment of malignant tumor.It is a specific method for research and analysis of manifestation and essence of diseases.This theory focuses on the diagnosis of tumor,proposes that etiological diagnosis of tumor is the most important.The carcinogenic factors,yin-yang disharmony and visceral dysfunction are the root causes and the formation of tumor and exterior pathogens are the manifestations.The theory emphasize on the diagnosis and treatment before the formation of tumor,dialectic relationship between the tumor and the system,strengthening the body resistance and driving away evil(treating both manifestation and root cause of disease).On the basis of human,improvement of survival period and quality of life is more important than tumor size;prevention is more important than treatment.