中药挥发油提取工艺与装备现状及问题分析

综述了目前挥发油提取工艺及装备研究现状，为挥发油提取工艺及装备升级提供新思路。本文通过文献调研分析统计，对水蒸气蒸馏法、溶剂法、压榨法和吸收法、微波法、超声法、超临界流体法及亚临界水萃取法等进行了分析讨论。各种挥发油提取方法在生产中均存在装备与工艺适宜性差、基础研究与中试和大生产脱节等现象。传统挥发油的提取工艺及装备急需升级。新型提取工艺普遍存在工艺适宜性差、产业化困难等问题。水蒸气蒸馏法通过工艺与装备的优化，可提高挥发油得率，而新方法的研究要结合大生产实际，工艺与装备必须相互融合。

Research Status and Problem Analysis of Extraction Process of Volatile Oil from Traditional Chinese Medicine

To provide new ideas for the technology and equipment development by means of reviewing the research status of the extraction process for volatile oil from traditional Chinese medicine. This paper has reviewed steam distillation, solvent extraction, squeeze method and absorption method, microwave-assisted extraction, ultrasonic method, supercritical fluid extraction and supercritical water extraction. The practical application in production of different extraction methods have also been analyzed, as well as their existing problems. In addition, the adaptability between technique and the related extraction equipments need to be improved, and laboratory research are separated from production. New extraction technology exist problems as suitability and industrialization. It is possible to optimize steam distillation technology and equipment to improve production.