中药在痛风疾病中的应用及其作用机制研究进展

痛风是仅次于糖尿病的第2大代谢类疾病,在全球范围内发病率较高,痛风作为一种常见且复杂的关节炎类疾病,如果不及时得到治疗,将会损伤关节,严重时还会发生肾结石甚至是肾衰竭,危及生命。虽然西药在治疗痛风领域中也取得了显著的成果,但是西药在治疗痛风时常常伴随胃肠道反应、肝脏损伤等不良反应,且在停药后易复发,使得根治痛风成为一个难题。我国传统中药应用于痛风已有较为悠久的历史,中药具有多成分多靶点的特点,不仅能通过抑制尿酸产生相关酶的活性而降低尿酸(UA)生成,亦能通过促进尿酸排泄而降低尿酸,除降尿酸作用外大部分应用于痛风邻域的中药还能有效缓解关节炎症;中药药性温和,在发挥痛风治疗作用时不良反应的发生率明显低于西药,部分中药甚至能够在发挥作用的同时对肾脏具有保护作用,所以中药有望解决根治痛风这一难题。近年来,国内外对应用于痛风邻域的中药进行了大量研究,通过对近10年中药在痛风疾病中的应用研究进行总结,并对作用机制和物质基础进行归纳分析,以期能够为中药防治痛风相关研究提供参考。

Research Progress on Application and Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Gout

Gout is the second largest metabolic disease after diabetes, with a high incidence worldwide. Gout is a common and complex arthritic disease that, if left untreated, can damage joints and, in severe cases, lead to kidney stones and even life-threatening kidney failure. Although western medicine has also made significant achievements in the treatment of gout, it is often accompanied by gastrointestinal reactions, liver injury and other adverse reactions, and is prone to relapse after drug withdrawal, making the radical treatment of gout a difficult problem. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) used in gout have relatively long history, TCM has the characteristics of multiple ingredients targets, not only can produce related enzyme activity by inhibiting the uric acid(UA) and lowering uric acid generation, also can reduce uric acid by promoting uric acid excretion, except the uric acid reduction most applied in gout neighborhood of TCM can effectively reduce joint inflammation. TCM is mild, and the incidence of adverse reactions in the treatment of gout is significantly lower than that of western medicine. Some TCM can even play a role while protecting the kidney, so TCM is expected to solve the problem of treating gout. In recent years, a large number of studies have been conducted on the application of TCM in the gout neighborhood at home and abroad. By summarizing the studies on the application of TCM in the gout disease in the past 10 years, the mechanism of action and material basis have been summarized and analyzed, in the hope of providing references for the studies on the prevention and treatment of gout by TCM.