白矾、硼砂等6种白色结晶矿物药鉴别

目的:利用性状鉴别与X射线衍射(XRD)技术结合的方法对6种白色结晶型矿物类中药进行分析、鉴别。方法:试验采集白矾(明矾)、硼砂、大青盐、芒硝、秋石及白硇砂共15批样品,测定XRD图谱,对图谱进行物相检索,解析各样品的物相组成,总结样品图谱特征,并与性状特点对比分析。结果:6种药材性状上具有较多相似之处,它们均为透明或白色半透明结晶体,具玻璃样光泽且质地硬而脆;区别主要在于形状、色泽及透明度的细小差异。通过解析其XRD图谱,可知该6种矿物药的图谱之间具有直观的差别。这些差别表现在特征峰数量,强峰峰位以及峰形等方面。对该15批药材样品进行聚类分析,结果显示聚类分析可将6种白色结晶型矿物药区分开。结论:性状鉴别与XRD图谱分析结合的方法可准确鉴别白矾、大青盐、硼砂、芒硝、秋石及白硇砂6种白色结晶型矿物类中药,该方法快速有效。

Identification of Six White Crystal Mineral Medicines

Objective: To analyze and identify six white crystal mineral Chinese medicines by using morphological identification and X-Ray diffraction(XRD) technique. Method: In the experiment, 15 batches of samples including Alumen,Borax,Halite,Natrii Sulfas,Autumn Mineral and Sal-Ammoniae were collected for XRD patterns. The phase identifying was conducted for the patterns; phase compositions of the samples were analyzed; the characteristics of the samples patterns were analyzed and compared with property characteristics. Result: Six Chinese medicines were similar in properties, because all of them were transparent or white translucent crystal, with glass like luster and a hard and brittle texture; but with little differences in shape, color and transparency. XRD patterns of these 6 mineral medicines showed intuitive differences, which could be reflected in number of peaks, strong peaks positions and peak shape, etc. Cluster analysis results of these 15 batches of herbs showed that 6 white crystal mineral Chinese medicines can be distinguished by cluster analysis. Conclusion: The combining method of X-ray diffraction analysis and morphological identification could be used for the quick and effective identification of six white crystal mineral Chinese medicines:Alumen, Borax, Halite, Natrii Sulfas, Autumn Mineral and Sal-Ammoniae.