土壤无机元素含量与三七药材品质的关系

目的:三七药材品质可能与种植土壤中无机元素含量有关,研究土壤中无机元素与三七药材品质的相关性,为三七科学种植提供理论依据。方法:采集云南省文山州、红河州、玉溪市和曲靖市4个产地16个样点种植三七的根及根际土壤,通过电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定三七根及根际土壤无机元素含量,通过高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定三七根中皂苷类成分含量。结果:文山州土壤和药材中人体健康必需微量元素含量较其他3个产地高,4个产地的三七根际土壤和药材中有害元素镉(Cd)含量均较高;三七药材中人体健康必需微量元素,如铝(Al),铁(Fe),硒(Se)多与土壤中镁(Mg),钾(K)呈显著正相关,与土壤中重金属元素砷(As),汞(Hg)呈显著负相关;4个产地的三七皂苷类成分含量无显著性差异,其中,文山州与曲靖市较高,红河州次之,玉溪市最低;三七皂苷类成分含量与药材中无机元素含量有关,与土壤中无机元素含量无显著相关性。结论:土壤无机元素通过影响三七药材中无机元素含量影响三七药材品质,建议三七种植选择Mg,K含量较高的土壤。

Relationship Between Inorganic Elements in Soil and Herbal Quality of Panax notoginseng

Objective: The herbal quality of Panax notoginseng may be related to the content of inorganic elements in planting soil. Method: To investigate the effect of inorganic elements in soil on the herbal quality of P.notoginseng and provide theory evidence for P.notoginseng plantation,we collected samples of P. notoginseng roots and rhizosphere soils from 16 sampling sites in Wenshan,Honghe,Yuxi,Qujing (Yunnan province). Result: The content of inorganic elements in samples of P. notoginseng roots and rhizosphere soils were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)and the content of saponins in P. notoginseng roots were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The content of essential trace elements for human health in cultivated soils and medicinal herbals in Wenshan were higher than those in other 3 habitats regions, and the content of Cd in P. notoginseng cultivated soils and medicinal herbs in 4 habitats were all high. Most of the essential trace elements for human health (e.g. Al,Fe,Se) in medicinal herbals were correlated significantly positively with Mg and K in cultivated soils,and negatively with As and Hg in cultivated soils. There was no significant difference in the content of saponins in P. notoginseng roots among 4 habitats. The content of saponins in P. notoginseng roots in Wenshan and Qujing was the highest,in Honghe was the second and in Yuxi was the lowest. The content of saponins in P. notoginseng was related to the inorganic elements in medicinal herbs,but had no significant correlation with the inorganic elements in cultivated soils. Conclusion: The inorganic elements in cultivated soils influenced the herbals quality by affecting the content of inorganic elements in medicinal herbs. It was recommended to plant P. notoginseng in the soil with high content of Mg and K.