絮凝法去除川乌炮制废水中生物碱类成分的可行性分析

目的:探讨5种常用絮凝剂对川乌炮制废水中6种生物碱类成分的去除效果。方法:采用HPLC测定絮凝处理前后川乌炮制废水中6种生物碱类成分,流动相乙腈-四氢呋喃(25∶15,A)-0.1 mol·L-1乙酸铵水溶液(每1 L含冰乙酸0.5 mL,B)梯度洗脱(0~48 min,15%~26%A; 48~49 min,26%~35%A; 49~58 min,35%A; 58~65 min,35%~15%A),流速1.0 mL·min-1,检测波长235 nm。比较三氯化铁、硫酸铝、聚合硫酸铁、聚合氯化铝/聚丙烯酰胺(PAC/PAM)和聚丙烯酸钠5种常用絮凝剂对这6种生物碱类成分的去除特性和效果,并进行了初步工艺优化。结果:5种絮凝剂对不同类型的生物碱具有一定的选择性,6种生物碱的去除呈现明显的差异,其中PAC/PAM的减毒作用相对优越,在pH 6,PAC/PAM投加量为0.25 g·L-1,PAC-PAM(30∶1)时,川乌炮制废水中的乌头碱类成分综合去除效果较佳,其中新乌头碱去除率85.4%,次乌头碱去除率58.3%。结论:絮凝法仅可作为一种前处理工艺,初步实现对川乌炮制废水的减毒处理。

Feasibility Analysis of Removal of Alkaloids from Processing Wastewater of Aconiti Radix by Flocculation

Objective: To investigate the removal effect of 5 kinds of common flocculants on 6 kinds of toxic alkaloids in processing wastewater of Aconiti Radix. Method: HPLC was employed to determine contents of 6 kinds of alkaloids in the processing wastewater of Aconiti Radix before and after flocculation.The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-tetrahydrofuran(25:15)-0.1 mol·L^-1 ammonium acetate solution(each 1 L contains 0.5 mL of glacial acetic acid) for gradient elution, volume flow rate was 1.0 mL·min^-1, detection wavelength was 235 nm.The removal characteristics and effects of five common flocculants of ferric chloride, aluminum sulfate, polymeric ferric sulfate, polyaluminum chloride/polyacrylamide(PAC/PAM) and sodium polyacrylate were compared and preliminarily optimized. Result: The 5 kinds of flocculants had certain selectivity for different types of alkaloids, and the removal of 6 kinds of alkaloids showed obvious differences.Among them, the PAC/PAM attenuated relative superiority, when the pH 6, adding amount of 0.25 g·L^-1 and PAC-PAM dosing ratio of 30:1, comprehensive removal effect was relatively good, removal rates of mesaconitine and hypaconitine was 85.4%and 58.3%, respectively. Conclusion: The flocculation method can be used as a pretreatment process to reduce the toxicity of processing wastewater of Aconiti Radix.