翠雀中二萜生物碱类成分的分离与鉴定

目的:为了进一步阐明翠雀Delphinium grandiflorum的物质基础,丰富二萜生物碱类成分的天然资源库,同时为该植物后续的药理活性及质量控制研究提供更丰富的化合物资源,本实验对采自山西晋中地区翠雀植物全草的化学成分进行系统研究,实验结果为翠雀的进一步开发利用提供依据。方法:采用正相硅胶,小孔树脂凝胶(MCI),ODS,LH-20羟丙基葡聚糖凝胶(Sephadex LH-20)等方法对翠雀的三氯甲烷部位和正丁醇部位进行分离纯化,并且运用1H,13C-NMR,MS等波谱方法以及化合物理化性质结合文献数据对分离得到的单体化合物进行结构鉴定。结果:从翠雀全草95%乙醇提取物中的三氯甲烷萃取部位和正丁醇萃取部位共分离得到19个二萜生物碱类化合物,其结构分别鉴定为olivimine(1),hohenackeridine(2),14-O-methyldelphinifoline(3),N-脱乙基翠雀亭(4),leucostine(5),tuguaconitine(6),acetylbrowniine(7),browniine(8),16-去甲基翠雀固灵(16-demethyldelsoline,9),demethylenedelcoine(10),14-dehydrobrowniine(11),瑟佩定(septentriodine,12),翠雀固灵(delsoline,13),翠雀亭(delphatine,14),牛扁碱(lycoctonine,15),硬飞燕草次碱(delcosine,16),甲基牛扁碱(methyllycaconitine,17),德拉瓦印甲(delavaine A,18),德拉瓦印乙(delavaine B,19)。结论:化合物1~5为首次从该属植物中分离得到,化合物6~12为首次从该植物中分离得到。

Separation and Identification of Diterpenoid Alkaloids from Delphinium grandiflorum

Objective: To further investigate the effective components of Delphinium grandiflorum, enrich the natural resource database of diterpenoid alkaloids, and provide more abundant chemical component resources. Method: The constituents were isolated by column chromatography of silica gel, MCI gel, ODS and Sephadex LH-20, and their structures were determined on the basis of MS, NMR spectroscopic analysis (¹H,¹³C-NMR, MS), physicochemical properties and comparison with literature data. Result: Nineteen diterpenoid alkaloids compounds were isolated from the 95% ethanol extract of the whole herbs of D. grandiflorum. Their structures were identified as olivimine (1), hohenackeridine (2), 14-O-methyldelphinifoline (3), N-deethyldelphatine (4), leucostine (5), tuguaconitine (6), acetylbrowniine (7), browniine (8), 16-demethyldelsoline (9), demethylenedelcoine (10), 14-dehydrobrowniine (11), septentriodine (12), delsoline (13), delphatine (14), lycoctonine (15), delcosine (16), methyllycaconitine (17), delavaine A (18) and delavaine B (19). Conclusion: Compounds 1-5 were isolated from this genus for the first time, and compounds 6-12 were obtained from this species for the first time.