基于靶向调控肿瘤血管的新型纳米递药系统研究进展

高度紊乱的血管系统是恶性实体肿瘤的共性特征,肿瘤血管与肿瘤的发生及发展有着紧密的联系,因而肿瘤血管靶向治疗已成为肿瘤治疗领域的重要组成部分,许多肿瘤血管靶向药物也随之产生。但目前用于肿瘤血管靶向治疗的小分子或抗体药物存在脱靶效应及毒副作用,一定程度上不能满足临床需求。因此,如何改善肿瘤血管靶向药物的有效性和安全性是目前迫切需要解决的问题。纳米疗法为肿瘤血管靶向治疗提供了前所未有的潜力。根据肿瘤血管的特殊结构和功能特点,研究者们设计了多种不同的纳米递送系统用于肿瘤的治疗,如通过纳米技术诱导肿瘤血管栓塞、靶向抑制肿瘤血管生成及提高肿瘤血管灌注等,从而实现肿瘤的安全、有效治疗。笔者综述了近几年靶向调控肿瘤血管的纳米递送系统,为设计安全、有效的新型抗肿瘤药物提供参考。

Research Progress of Novel Nanodrug Delivery Systems for Targeting of Tumor Vascular

The highly disturbed vascular system is a common feature of malignant solid tumors, tumor vascular are closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors. Targeted tumor vascular therapy has become an important part of the field of tumor therapy, and many tumor vascular-targeted drugs have also been produced.However, the current small molecule or antibody drugs used in tumor vascular targeted therapy have off-target effects and toxic side effects, which can not meet the clinical needs to some extent.Therefore, how to improve the efficacy and safety of tumor vascular targeting drugs is an urgent problem to be solved. Nanotherapeutics offer unprecedented potential for targeting tumor vascular.According to the special structure and functional characteristics of tumor vascular, researchers have designed a variety of different nanodrug delivery systems for tumor therapy,such as inducing tumor vascular embolization, targeting tumor angiogenesis inhibition and improving tumor vascular perfusion, with nanotechnology to develop safe and effective tumor therapy.In this review, the nanodrug delivery systems targeting tumor blood vascular in recent years are reviewed to provide references for novel anti-tumor drugs to improve therapeutic efficacy and safety.