铁皮石斛产业现状及可持续发展的探讨

了解铁皮石斛产业发展现状与特点,为产业可持续发展的提供依据。查阅相关文献,实地调研浙江、云南、广西、安徽、湖南等铁皮石斛生产企业与销售市场,分析存在的主要问题,提出可持续发展的建议。铁皮石斛产业生产布局涉及10余个省区,集中于浙江和云南二个省份,且二地的发展模式不同,云南主要采用公司+农户的生产模式,而浙江以龙头企业自建生产基地为主,集原料生产、加工与销售于一体;产业具有高科技、高投入、高风险、高回报特点;伪品冲击、品种与质量控制技术研发应用滞后以及销售市场窄是目前制约产业可持续发展的关键问题。因此建立铁皮石斛产业科技联盟、加快共性技术研发与集成创新应用、强化产品生产自律与监管以及拓展销售市场是铁皮石斛产业可持续发展的关键。

Present status and sustainable development of Dendrobium officinale industry

Objective : To understand the present status and characteristics of Dendrobium officinale industry and to provide a rationale for the sustainable industrial development. Method : Based on references and an on-site investigation of main Dendrobium officinale-producing enterprises and market, to analyze main existing problems and to propose suggestions for sustainable development. Result : More than 10 provinces and regions are involved in the production around the center of Zhejiang and Yunnan provinces. These two provinces are different from each other in development pattern. Yunnan adopts a mode of companies minus farmer households but Zhejiang mainly employs a mode that a leading company establishes a production base with production, processing and marketing combined together. Zhejiang mode is characterized by high tech, high investment, high risk and high return. Existence of non-genuine species, stagnancy in development and application of varieties and techniques for quality control and a narrow channel for marketing are the key problems limiting sustainable development of the industry. Conclusion : The key to sustainable development of the industry is to establish a technological alliance to speed up development of common techniques and application of integrated innovations, to strengthen self-discipline and monitoring of production, and to expand sales market.