不同科属木通比较

目的 :正确认识不同科属木通及其异同 ,指导临床安全高效用药。方法 :不同科属木通本草学、地理分布范围和生态环境、临床、药理、毒理等方面的比较。结果 :①木通主要来源于木通科、毛茛科和马兜铃科 3科植物 ,196 3年版《中国药典》同时收录了木通科木通、毛茛科川木通和马兜铃科关木通 ,以后各版药典则将木通科木通删去 ,仅收录了川木通和关木通。②历代所用木通多为木通科木通 ,未见毒性记载 ,近代则主要为马兜铃科关木通 ,屡见毒性报道。③马兜铃科关木通含马兜铃酸和马兜铃内酰胺 ,毒性大 ,利尿作用有待确证 ,杀菌力较差 ;木通科木通不含马兜铃酸和马兜铃内酰胺 ,安全无毒 ,且有利尿杀菌作用。结论 :临床用木通科木通比用马兜铃科关木通安全。建议药典在修改版中①恢复木通科木通正品地位 ,以正视听 ,还历史本来面目 ;②马兜铃科关木通作为副品使用 ,并严格执行药典标准。

Comparison among Families of Mutong

OBJECTIVE: To distinguish families of Mutong correctly and direct effective and safe clinical administration. METHOD: Comparison among families of Mutong on Herbs, Taxology, Clinic, Pharmacology and Toxicology. RESULT: 1. There are mainly three families of Mutong: Lardizabalaceae, Ranunculaceae, Aristolochiaceae, which were all included in China Pharmacopeia in 1963. However only Mutong of Ranunculaceae and Aristolochiaceae family have been included in China Pharmacopeia since 1977, but Mutong of Lardizabalaceae family has not been included in China Pharmacopeia ever since. 2. It was Mutong of Lardizabalaceae family that was used mainly through the ages without toxic records, and Mutong of Aristolochiaceae e.g. Caulis Aristolochia manshuriensis (CAM) was not put down in writing of past ages but is mainly used today with toxicity repeatedly. 3. CAM contain aristolochic acid and aristololactam with high toxicity, which plays an uncertain role in diuresis with poor bactericidal power. Mutong of Lardizabalaceae family e.g. Akebia trifoliata (Thunb.) Koidz. var. australis (Diels) Rehd (ATKV) don't contain aristolochic acid and aristololactam, which has low toxicity and plays a certain role in diuresis with high bactericidal power. CONCLUSION: It may be quite safe to use ATKV instead of CAM in clinics. So we suggest that ATKV should be reused as first Mutong in China Pharmacopeia revised edition in order to ensure a correct understanding of the facts and reveal Mutong in its true colors, and CAM should be used as second Mutong strictly according to the rules in China Pharmacopeia revised edition.