细辛类药材原植物资源和市场品种调查

目的:摸清近几年我国细辛的资源分布和市售品种情况,为细辛类药材的资源保护和品种整理等研究提供依据。方法:采用实地调查、委托调查和访问调查等相结合的方法。结果:由于生态环境破坏和过度采挖,《中国药典》规定的正品细辛和非正品细辛野生资源量均在减少,尤其是一些分布狭窄的非正品细辛如南川细辛和鼎湖细辛等有灭绝的危险。全国除个别地区外,北细辛均为市场主流品种。华细辛和非正品细辛如单叶细辛、短尾细辛、小叶马蹄香和金耳环等多在当地入药。结论:应大力发展华细辛栽培技术,并保护非正品细辛的种质资源。

Surveys on resources and varieties on Chinese markets of crude drug Xixin

Many species of the genus Asarum plants are used as Chinese traditional or folk medicines, in Chinese which are known as "Xixin" (Asari Radix et Rhizoma), "Bei-Xixin", "Hua-Xixin" and "Nan-Xixin", etc. In order to get a clear picture of resources distribution and varieties on Chinese markets of the crude drug Xixin and provide scientific basis for their resource conservation and sustainable use, during recent years we conducted field investigations and market researches many times. The results showed that the resources of both official Xixins and non-official Xixins were decreased because of the ecological environment damage and over-digging, especially species whose population size was small. Bei-Xixin derived from A. heterotropoides var. mandshuricum was the most species on the Chinese markets except for a few areas of China. Hua-Xixin derived from A. sieboldii and non-official Xixins were mainly used in their producing areas. Cultivation of Hua-Xixin should be greatly developed, and wild resources of non-official species must be preserved strictly.