基于主成分分析的天麻矿质元素含量研究

目的:研究不同来源天麻矿质元素含量,分析天麻特征元素及评价药材质量。方法:采用ICP法对不同来源的天麻药材必需的磷(P),钾(K),钙(Ca),镁(Mg),铁(Fe),锌(Zn),硼(B),锰(Mn),铜(Cu)等10种矿质元素含量进行测定,用主成分分析法分析天麻特征元素并对药材质量进行评价。结果:天麻药材中K元素含量最高,平均为15.31 g·kg-1;其次是N元素,平均含量为8.99 g·kg-12元素变异系数小;Mn元素含量的变异系数最大,为51.39%;N,P,K元素间达极显著正相关;主成分分析选择3个主成分对药材质量进行评价,发现天麻药材特征元素为P,B,N,K,Cu,Mn,Fe,Mg等8种元素。结论:天麻K和N元素含量高,且相对稳定;Mn元素含量差异大;其中P,B,N,K,Cu,Mn,Fe,Mg等8种元素是天麻特征元素;从矿质元素角度分析30份天麻资源中贵州、云南天麻药材质量较好。

Content of mineral elements of Gastrodia elata by principal components analysis

Objective: To study the content of mineral elements and the principal components in Gastrodia elata. Method: Mineral elements were determined by ICP and the data was analyzed by SPSS. Result: Kelement has the highest content-and the average content was 15.31 g·kg^-1. The average content of N element was 8.99 g·kg^-1, followed by K element. The coefficient of variation of K and N was small, but the Mn was the biggest with 51.39%.The highly significant positive correlation was found among N, P and K .Three principal components were selected by principal components analysis to evaluate the quality of G. elata. P,B,N,K,Cu,Mn,Fe and Mg were the characteristic elements of G.elata. Conclusion: The content of K and N elements was higher and relatively stable. The variation of Mn content was biggest.The quality of G. elata in Guizhou and Yunnan was better from the perspective of mineral elements.