番泻叶提取物对小鼠胃肠运动及其组织形态学的影响

目的:研究番泻叶提取物对 BALB/c 小鼠胃肠运动及组织形态学的影响,以建立动物模型,获取实验组小鼠的胃肠道组织,为从中分离出番泻叶在动物肠道中的作用蛋白及阐明番泻叶的作用机制奠定基础。方法:通过应用番泻叶提取物经不同途径给药致小鼠腹泻、胃肠推进运动试验和胃肠运动 X 线分析来观察其对小鼠胃肠运动的影响。光镜下观察连续、递增剂量灌胃小鼠3h,3、4、6和10周后胃、小肠和结肠组织学改变,透射电镜观察6周时其小肠和结肠组织细胞超微结构的改变。结果:0.3ml 番泻叶提取液灌胃后,小鼠均可在1～1.5h 出现腹泻,皮下注射0.8 ml 番泻叶提取物后观察8h 无腹泻。胃肠推进运动试验显示0.3 ml 提取液灌胃能显著增加小鼠的胃肠运动(P<0.05),胃肠运动 X 线分析显示灌胃0.4 ml 提取液可明显缩短钡剂在胃肠道内的传递时间。光镜下见灌胃小鼠各时期胃肠道粘膜无明显改变。透射电镜观察6周时小肠粘膜上皮细胞散在变性坏死,固有层内巨噬细胞增多,内含较多吞噬颗粒。结肠上皮较多变性坏死细胞,平滑肌细胞变性。结论:番泻叶提取物主要经消化道进入后起作用,作用于胃肠道组织,促进胃肠运动增强,分泌增加。长期灌胃番泻叶提取物可引起小肠和结肠粘膜上皮的损害。

Effect of Senna Extract on Gastrointestinal Motility and Histomorphology of Gastrointestinal Tract in Mice

Objective:To study the effect of Senna extract(SE)on gastrointestinal(GI)motility and histomorphology in BALB/c mice for the sake of establishing a GI hyper-motility model and exploring the mechanism of action of SE.Methods:Observation of effect of SE on GI motion was conducted by induction of diarrhea with SE administering through various pathway;GI transit test and X-ray examination. The histological change of small intestine and colon was observed with light microscope successively at 3 hrs,3,4,6 and 10 weeks later with increasing dosage through gastrogavage and the ultrastructural change observed with electron microscopy at 6 w after administra- tion of SE.Results:Diarrhea was induced within 1 to 1.5 hrs after intragastric administration of SE 0.1-0.3 ml and stopped 7-8 hrs after,but 0.6-0.8 ml SE given by subcutaneous or intraperitoneal injection showed no diarrhea inducing effect in 8 hrs.GI transit test showed that 0.3 ml SE administered by gastrogavage could significantly accelerate the motility of stomach and intestine(P<0.05),and X-ray examination showed a significant shortening of barium meal transmission time after intragastric administration of 0.4 ml SE. Light microscopic observation did not reveal obvious morphological change of GI at any time point.Electron microscopic examination showed that 6 weeks after SE medication,scattered degeneration and necrosis of mucous membrane epithelial cells and increase of macrophage,containing many phagosomes,in lamina propria of small intestine.The morphological changes in the large intestine were severer than that of small intestine with more degenerated cells and retrogression of smooth muscle cells.Conclusion:SE acted on GI ma(?)ly by path of digestive tract administration,it could accelerate the motility and promote the secretion of GI,long-term treatment of SE would damage the mucous membrane of small intestine and colon.