基于性状特征的浙产麦冬和川产麦冬的主成分和聚类比较分析

目的比较浙产麦冬Ophiopogonjaponicus和川产麦冬的性状特征,为其快速鉴定提供科学依据。方法实地考察并收集不同产地的浙产麦冬和川产麦冬药材,测量其长度、宽度和颜色等13个性状特征参数,采用Simca14.1和IBM SPSS Statistics26软件进行数据分析。结果浙产麦冬与川产麦冬的种植及采收加工技术有所不同;主成分分析获得了实验室加工样品8个符合变量重要性投影(VIP)值>1的条件性状变量数据,产地加工样品9个符合VIP值>1的条件性状变量数据。聚类分析结果显示,道地主产区的浙产麦冬与川产麦冬在性状上可明显区分,但实验室加工的道地主产区的浙产麦冬与道地非主产区的川产麦冬则有一定的混淆。浙产麦冬外表面颜色深、中柱明显,气味清香,具粘牙性;川产麦冬外表面颜色较浅、中柱不明显,气味淡,无黏牙性。结论浙产麦冬和川产麦冬的性状特征存在显著的差异,其表面颜色、中柱大小、气味和黏性可为作为浙产麦冬和川产麦冬鉴别的依据。

Principal component and cluster comparative analysis of Ophiopogonis Radix from Zhejiang and Sichuan Provinces based on their morphological character

Objective To compare the morphological character of Ophiopogonis Radix from Zhejiang and Sichuan Provinces, and provide scientific basis for their rapid identification. Methods The samples of Ophiopogonis Radix from Zhejiang and Sichuan Provinces were investigated and collected from their growth location. The 13 morphological character parameters such as length, width and color etc of medicinal materials of Ophiopogonis Radix were measured. Simca14.1 and IBM SPSS Statistics 26 software were used for data analysis. Results The cultivation, harvesting and processing techniques of Ophiopogonis Radix from Zhejiang and Sichuan Provinces were different; The principal component analysis indicated that samples processed in our laboratory had eight conditional trait variable data, and those processed in place of their origins had nine conditional trait variable data with their variable importance in the protection (VIP) value being more than 1. The cluster analysis showed that Ophiopogonis Radix from main production area of Zhejiang could be clearly distinguished from those of Sichuan Provinces based on their morphological character, but there are confusions between samples from the main production area of Zhejiang Province and those from the non-main production area of Sichuan Province. The morphological characters of Ophiopogonis Radix from Zhejiang Province as follows:the surface color is dark, the middle pillar is obvious, the smell is delicate, and stickiness is strong; and those from Sichuan Province as follows:the surface color is lighter, the middle pillar is not obvious, the smell is weak, and stickiness is poor.Conclusion There are significant differences in the morphological character of Ophiopogonis Radix from Zhejiang and Sichuan Provinces, and their surface color, column size, smell and stickiness can be used as the basis for the discrimination of Ophiopogonis Radix from Zhejiang and Sichuan Provinces.