紫杉醇类抗肿瘤原料药生产的研究进展

紫杉醇类化合物属二萜类生物碱,是已知疗效最好的植物源抗肿瘤药物之一。目前,工业上主要依赖半化学合成、植物提取及细胞培养等途径大规模获取紫杉醇类产物。针对主流方法存在的问题,重点分析获取紫杉醇类活性产物的研发动向,探讨采用红豆杉树皮细胞培养、内生真菌发酵生产紫杉醇的技术现状与困境,简要梳理紫杉醇的天然合成途径,讨论采用合成生物学方法异源合成紫杉醇及其前体的可能性,为建立绿色、可持续的紫杉醇类活性产物生产路线提供参考。

Recent advances in synthesis of paclitaxel antitumor pharmaceutical raw materials

Paclitaxel, a diterpenoid alkaloid, is known as one of the most effective plant antitumor drugs. At present, paclitaxel products are mainly obtained by semi-chemical synthesis, extraction from Taxus spp. plant and bark cell culture synthesis. This study emphatically analyzed the research progress in the production of paclitaxel. The identification of genes related to paclitaxel biosynthesis was summarized. Furthermore, it was assessed that the possibility of using the bark cell culture of Taxus chinensis, endophytic fungi fermentation and the synthetic biology heterologous synthesis to produce paclitaxel compounds. The review can provide theoretical reference for the establishment of green and sustainable industrial production methods of the paclitaxel active products and their precursors.