基于文献分析的血热证诊断标准比较研究＊

目的 对临床研究中应用的不同血热证诊断标准进行比较与分析,为血热证的临床应用与研究提供进一步参考。方法 通过检索中国全文期刊数据库（CNKI）、维普中文期刊服务平台、万方数据知识服务平台,将检索时间限定为1900年-2020年,查阅期间发表的血热证临床研究文献,归纳、分析血热证诊断标准。结果 从三大数据库中共检索到文献5975篇,根据研究目的共纳入53篇,结合教材筛选,得出诊断标准9种,分别出自《中医临床诊疗术语·证候部分》（GB/T 16751.2）《中医证候规范》《中医证候鉴别诊断学》《证素辨证学》《中医证候诊断治疗学》《中医诊断学》（第五版、第六版、第七版、人卫版）。共得到30个血热证症候,可分为热邪入血、耗血伤阴、动风动血三类。诊断形式可分为叙述法、主次症分级诊断法和赋分法3种。《中医临床诊疗术语·证候部分》（GB/T 16751.2）被引用20次,覆盖9个病种,次数最多,范围最广。结论 来自《中医临床诊疗术语·证候部分》的血热证诊断标准在临床上应用最为广泛,适用于现阶段血热证的诊疗与临床研究。

Comparison Study on the Diagnostic Criteria of Blood-Heat Syndrome Based on Literature Analysis

Objective To compare and analyze the different diagnostic criteria of blood-heat syndrome used in clinical research in order to provide further reference for the clinical application and research of blood-heat syndrome.Methods Clinical research literature on blood-heat syndrome in the databases of China Knowledge Resources Database (CNKI), VIP and Wan-fang, with time limited from 1900 to 2020 were searched. We summarized and analyzed the diagnostic criteria of blood-heat syndrome.Results A total of 5975 articles were retrieved from the three databases. According to our research purpose, 53 articles were collected. Combined with the selection of teaching materials, 9 diagnostic criteria were obtained, including Terminology of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment (Part of Syndromes) (GB/T 16751.2), Differential Diagnosis of TCM Syndromes, Diagnosis and Therapy of TCM Syndromes, Standard of TCM Syndromes, Syndrome Element Syndrome Differentiation, Diagnosis of TCM (Fifth Edition, Sixth Edition, Seventh Edition, People''s Medical Edition). There were 30 syndromes of blood-heat syndrome, which could be divided into three types: heat invading blood, consuming blood and yin deficiency, endogenous wind and stirring blood. The diagnosis method could be divided into three types, narrative method, primary and secondary symptom classification diagnosis method, and classification method included. Terminology of TCM Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment (Part of Syndromes) (GB/T 16751.2) had been cited 20 times, covering 9 diseases with the most frequency and the widest range.Conclusion The diagnostic criteria of blood-heat syndrome from Terminology of TCM Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment (Part of Syndromes) is the most widely used clinically. It is suitable for the diagnosis, treatment and clinical research of blood heat syndrome.