蕲蛇的鉴别研究进展＊

蕲蛇是《中国药典》收载的三种蛇类药材（含蕲蛇、乌梢蛇、金钱白花蛇）之一，具有祛风、通络、定惊止痉等功效，其药用价值和经济价值较高，市场需求量较大，为贵细药材。近年来，由于野生资源逐渐匮乏，在经济利益驱使下，蕲蛇商品普遍存在着伪品、混淆品、掺假品，这种质量不一、以次充好、以假代真的情况容易导致用药安全问题。本文通过总结蕲蛇的性状鉴别、显微鉴别、理化鉴别和分子鉴别，以期为蕲蛇等蛇类药材的真伪鉴别和质量的优劣检测提供思路，为进一步鉴别研究、制剂开发提供参考依据，确保用药质量。

Research Progress on Identification of Agkistrodon Acutus

There are three kinds of snake species included in Chinese Pharmacopoeia, such as Agkistrodon acutus, Zaocys dhumnades and Bungarus multicinctus. Because of the functions of dispelling wind, dredging collaterals, calming shock and resolving spasm, Agkistrodon acutus has high medicinal value and economic value. It is one of the rare and precious traditional medicine with large market demand. But due to economic profit and scarce resources of wild, so that bring about a series of fake and shoddy problems, which have hold up development of medication safety for Agkistrodon acutus in recent years. This paper focused on the identification of Agkistrodon acutus, including character identification, microscopic identification, physicochemical identification and molecular identification, expecting to provide guidance in authenticity and quality tests of Agkistrodon acutus, and provide the references for identification research and preparation development to ensure the quality of the medicine.