生物样品中天麻素测定方法及药代动力学研究进展＊

天麻素是从兰科植物天麻的块茎中提取分离而得，现已人工合成。天麻素药理作用广泛，如镇痛、镇静安眠、促智、保护神经元、降血压、抗惊厥、抗癫痫、抗氧化、抗衰老、改善微循环等，且安全、无明显毒副作用，其相关制剂在临床上亦被广泛用于心脑血管及神经精神系统疾病，如头痛、冠心病、高血压、后循环缺血性眩晕、突发性耳聋、癫痫、神经衰弱及脑卒中等。考虑到天麻素临床治疗上述疾病常与其他药物或治疗方法联用，故其体内过程及其药代动力学性质不容忽视。目前，有关天麻素综述多集中于药理作用和临床应用方面，而其药代动力学综述鲜见报道。随着天麻素药代动力学研究日渐深入，本研究将从其样品前处理、测定方法、药物ADME过程及影响体内过程的因素等方面较系统全面地对天麻素近年来的药代动力学研究作一综述，以期对天麻素制剂工艺及临床联合配伍应用有所裨益。

Research Progress on the Determination Methods and Pharmacokinetics of Gastrodin in Biological Samples

Gastrodin is extracted from the tubers of the orchidaceae Gastrodia elata BL. and has been artificially synthesized. Gastrodin has sedative, analgesic, neuron protection, hypnotic, anti-convulsion, anti-epilepsy, anti-oxidation, improve microcirculation and memory, etc. It has low toxicity and less adverse reactions. Its related preparations are widely used in clinic for cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and neuropsychiatric diseases, such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, posterior circulation ischemic vertigo, sudden deafness, headache, neurasthenia, stroke, epilepsy and so on. Considering that gastrodin is often used in combination with other drugs or therapies in the clinical treatment of the above diseases, its disposal process in vivo and pharmacokinetic profile should not be ignored. At present, the reviews on gastrodin mainly focus on pharmacological effects and clinical application, while the pharmacokinetic review is rarely reported. With the deepening of pharmacokinetic study of gastrodin, the pharmacokinetic studies of gastrodin were reviewed systematically and comprehensively in the present paper from the aspects of its sample pretreatment, determination methods, ADME process and the factors affecting the process in vivo , in order to benefit gastrodin preparation technology and clinical application of combined compatibility.