中医气虚体质相关影响因素的探讨＊

中医体质是人体在生长、发育过程中所形成的与自然、社会环境相适应的个性特征，对某些病因和疾病具有易感性。其中，气虚体质是最常见的中医偏颇体质，以气短懒言、容易疲乏、精神不振、易出汗等为主要表现的体质状态，研究表明气虚体质与肿瘤、高血压、2型糖尿病、甲减、肝硬化、糖尿病肾病等多种疾病或亚健康状态密切相关，然而目前其发生发展机制尚不清楚。因此，研究气虚体质相关影响因素，这将为其调理提供途径或靶标，同时对气虚体质易感疾病的预防和治疗具有重要意义。本文基于体质学说理论，结合中医古籍及现代研究文献，就气虚体质形成与先天禀赋及多种后天因素如饮食、劳逸、睡眠、情志、地理环境、年龄、慢性疾病等方面对气虚体质的影响因素进行综述，以期为其进一步的研究提供参考依据。

Research Progress of Influence Factors for Qi-deficiency Constitution in Traditional Chinese Medicine

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) constitution is a personality characteristic that the human body forms in the process of growth and development, which is compatible with the natural and social environment, and is susceptible to certain causes and diseases. Among them, Qi-deficiency is the most common TCM biased constitution, with shortness of laziness, fatigue, lack of energy, easy sweating, etc., studies have shown that Qi-deficiency and tumor, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, hypothyroidism , liver cirrhosis, diabetic nephropathy and other diseases or sub-health status are closely related, but the mechanism of its development is still unclear. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the influencing factors of Qi-deficiency, which will provide a pathway or target for its conditioning, and at the same time to prevent and treat the diseases susceptible to Qi-deficiency. Based on the theory of physical theory, combined with the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine and modern research literature, this article deals with Qi-deficiency in terms of Qi-deficiency and congenital endowment and various acquired factors such as diet, work and rest, sleep, emotion, geographical environment, age and chronic diseases. The influencing factors are reviewed in order to provide a reference for further research.