牛黄与其一种伪品的鉴别研究

目的：对牛黄与其一种伪品进行鉴别研究。方法：将中药传统性状鉴定与体式显微和光学显微技术相结合，鉴定并报道了一种新发现的牛黄伪品。并应用高效液相色谱法及液质联用方法对染色物质进行了确证。结果：牛黄与该伪品在层纹的断面特征及颗粒状团块的显微特征等方面存在差异。该伪品主要是用淀粉和色素混合制作而成，伪品中掺有金胺O、皂黄、金橙Ⅱ、柠檬黄、胭脂红等5种染色物质。结论：从宏观到微观层级递进的观察方法可有效鉴别牛黄药材的真伪。HPLC-DAD和HPLC-MS等现代仪器分析方法可用于牛黄药材染色物质的确认。

Study on the Identification of Bovis Calculus and Its Counterfeit

Objective: To study the identification method of Bovis Calculus and one of its counterfeit. Methods: In thispaper, a new kind of counterfeit of Bovis Calculus has been identified and reported, using the traditional macroscopicidentification method combined with stereo and optical microscopy technology. And the method of HPLC and HPLC-MSwere used to confirm the dyeing material. Result: There were some differences between Bovis Calculus and itscounterfeit from the features of fracture striations and granulate mass observed under microscope. The counterfeit wasmainly made by the mixture of starch and pigments. The results showed that the dyeing material was mixed with fivekinds of pigments such as auramine O, metanil yellow, orange II, tartrazine and ponceau 4R. Conclusion: From macro tomicro level progressive observation method is the necessary way to identify the authenticity of Bovis Calculus and itscounterfeits. The application of modern instrumental analysis method such as HPLC- DAD and HPLC- MS is an important method to confirm the pigments of the counterfeit.