基于多元统计方法和顶空-气相色谱-质谱联用技术对瓜馥木不同部位挥发性成分的比较研究＊

目的 分析瓜馥木中的挥发性成分，比较根、茎、叶和虫瘿中所含挥发性成分的差异。方法 采用顶空-气相色谱-质谱（HS-GC-MS）联用技术分析瓜馥木不同部位的挥发性成分，并利用XCMS-ONLINE的组学方法和多元统计方法分析处理数据，包括偏最小二乘法判别分析（PLS-DA）、正交校正的偏最小二乘分析（OPLS-DA），辅以保留指数（RI）完成各挥发性成分的定性和半定量分析。结果 共定性出41种挥发性成分，其中根含24种成分，茎含38种成分，叶含35种成分，虫瘿含25种成分，各部位的共有成分19种。结论 瓜馥木挥发性成分主要是烯烃类和脂肪烃衍生物类，不同部位的挥发性成分有显著差异，研究结果将为该药材的质量标准科学制定和民间使用提供依据和借鉴，并为进一步的药效评价、资源开发利用奠定基础。

Comparative Research on Volatile Components in Different Parts of Fissistigma oldhamii Using HS-GC-MS and Multivariate Statistical Analysis

Objective To comparatively perform qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis on the volatile constituents in roots, stems leaves and insect gells of Fissistigma oldhamii.Methods The volatile components were analyzed by HS-GC-MS, and the obtained data were treated using XCMS-online and multivariate statistical analysis, including partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). The retention index (RI) method was used to confirm the result of qualitative analysis, and the semi-quantitative relative percentage content of each component was calculated with the relative fragment ion strength, which values of variable importance for the projection (VIP) are more than 1.Results There were 41 components separated from 4 parts of F. oldhamii, including 19 common components in different parts. The roots, stems, leaves and insect galls were detected and had 24, 38, 35 and 25 compounds separately.Conclusion The principal volatile constituents were olefins, aliphatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives, which were different in 4 parts. The results would provide basis for the further application, efficacy evaluation, scientific development of quality standard and utilization of F. oldhamii.