利用木霉对麦冬根腐病的生物防治研究

采用稀释平板法从26份中药材根际土样中分离到24个木霉菌株,通过室内筛选获得了对病原菌有较好控制作用的哈茨木霉T23、T158菌株,这两种菌株对引发麦冬根腐病的尖孢镰刀菌的抑制率分别达到84．07％和83．47％,其拮抗作用在于营养和空间竞争、寄生两种形式。制成的哈茨木霉T23制剂能有效控制麦冬根腐病的发生,500g／666．7m2处理对麦冬根腐病的防治效果达67．52％,显著优于化学农药代森锰锌300g／666．7m2处理,处理区的麦冬产量比空白对照高24．46％。

Ophiopgon Japonicus Root Rot Disease and Trichoderma spp. Based Biocontrol

Root rot disease of Ophiopgon japonicus, a soil-borne disaster that causes losses to both yield and quality of the produce, is a result of Fusarium oxysporum attack. Biocontrol techniques promise a treating effect that chemical pesticides have never produced. In this study, 24 strains of Trichoderma spp. were isolated using the dilution-plating method, from 26 rhizospheric soil samples of the herbal plants. Trichoderma harzianum T23 and T158, screened out from the samples, are enjoying apparent inhibiting effects on the pathogens, with a validity of 84.07% and 83.47% respectively. Competing for nutrition and space, as well as the mycoparasitism, are the main approaches through which Fusarium oxysporum is contained. Field tests show that T23 is effective in controlling the root rot disease of Ophiopgon japonicus. T23, at a dosage of 500g/666.7m2 , works well for an effect of 67.52%, which is significantly higher than the mancozeb at a dosage of 300g/666.7m2. The biocontrol technique also promotes the development of Ophiopgon japonicus plant. The yield of the Ophiopgon japonicus treated with T23 is 24.46% higher than the control group.