知母种子质量分级标准的研究

目的:研究制定知母种子的质量分级标准。方法:通过对不同产地20个批次知母种子的净度、千粒质量、含水量、生活力、发芽率等指标测定和外观形态观察,利用Excel 2010、SPSS 20.0软件对以上数据进行相关分析、主成分以及K-均值聚类分析,初步确定知母种子质量分级指标和分级标准,且以各等级知母种子分别在田间对比种植,通过测定1年产苗量,2年药材产量及有效成分含量,验证知母种子质量分级标准的合理性。结果:Ⅰ级知母种子发芽率不低于85%,千粒质量不低于7.5 g,净度不低于95%;Ⅱ级知母种子发芽率不低于70%,千粒质量不低于7.0 g,净度不低于85%;Ⅲ级知母种子发芽率不低于65%,千粒质量不低于6.0 g,净度不低于80%;各级种子含水量均小于10%。结论:发芽率和千粒质量为知母种子质量分级标准的主要指标,净度和含水量为参考指标。不同等级知母种子种植后对知母种苗产量、药材产量及质量会有显著影响。该研究制定的知母种子质量分级标准科学可行、符合生产实际,为知母的种子质量评价和规范化栽培提供参考依据。

Seed Quality Grading Standard of Anemarrhena asphodeloides

Objective:To study and set the seed quality grading standard of Anemarrhena asphodeloides.Methods:The germination rate,1000-grain weight,water content,viability,clarityand other indexes were measured and appearance was observed for 20 batches of A.asphodeloides seeds from different areas,and then Excel 2010 and SPSS 20.0 were used for correlation,principal component and clustering analysis to establish quality grading index and standard for the seeds.The field contrast experiment of each grade seed on the same planting and mamage measure were conducted to validate the feasibility of the seed standard.Results:GradeⅠA.asphodeloides seed had a germination rate not less than 85.00%,1000-grain weight not less than 7.5 g,clarity not less than 95.00%,and water content not morethan 10.00%.GradeⅡseed had a germination rate not less than 70.00%,1000-grain weight of 7.0-7.5 g,purity of(85.00-95.00)%,and water content of not more than 10.00%.GradeⅢseed had a germination rate of(65.00-70.00)%,1000-grain weight less than 6.0 g,clarity not less than 80%,and water content not more than 10.00%.Conclusion:Germination rate and 1000-grain weigh were the main indicators of quality grading standards,with clarityand water content as reference indexes.The seed grading had significantly effect on the yield of seedling and Rhizoma Anemarrhenae,and had obvious effect on the intrinsic quality of medicinal material.This quality classification standard of A.asphodeloides was scientific andpractical,providing references for the quality evaluation and artificial cultivation of A.asphodeloides seeds.