水蛭分子鉴定方法的研究进展

水蛭基原复杂、市场混乱、传统方法难以有效鉴别,临床用药的安全性无法保障。分子鉴定方法根据生物间的分子特征差异进行鉴定,不受自然环境、生长发育阶段等外部因素影响,具有快速、准确、客观的特点。目前应用于水蛭的分子鉴定方法有:基于核酸的RAPD技术、SSR技术、DNA条形码技术和基于蛋白质的SDS-PAGE技术、同工酶分析技术,本文在简述水蛭不同分子鉴定方法研究进展的基础上,对水蛭不同分子鉴定方法的技术和应用特点进行比较,最后对DNA宏条形码技术、Target-sequencing技术、电化学传感检测技术在水蛭混合物,特别是中成药中水蛭成分的鉴定进行展望,旨在为水蛭鉴定方法的深入研究提供参考和借鉴。

Research Progress on Molecular Identification of Leech

The origin of leech is complex, and its market is mixed and difficult for identification.The safety of clinical medication cannot be guaranteed.The molecular identification method is based on the difference of molecular characteristics between organisms, which is not affected by external factors such as natural environment, growth and development stage etc.And it has the characteristics of rapidity, accuracy and objectivity.At present, the molecular identification methods used in leeches are as follows:RAPD technique based on nucleic acid, SSR technique, DNA barcode technique, protein based SDS-PAGE technique, and isozyme analysis technique.Based on the research progress of different molecular identification methods of leeches, this paper compared the characteristics of their technology and application features.Finally, the method of combining DNA metabarcoding technique, target sequencing technique and electrochemical sensing detecting technique were predicted to be a potential method to identify leech components in the leech mixture or in the Chinese patent medicine, providing reference for the further study of the molecular identification methods of leeches.