898例2型糖尿病中医证型分布规律及其相关因素回顾性研究

目的：对2型糖尿病患者进行回顾性研究，探讨中医证型分布和相关因素之间的联系。方法：将湖南省卫生健康委信息统计中心的三甲中医院病历数据进行筛选、清理，最终选取898例患者作为研究对象，并进行回顾性分析，研究患者中医证型并分析证型与年龄、性别、实验室指标之间的关系。结果：898例2型糖尿病患者中证型最多的为肝肾阴虚，合并疾病较多的是心脑血管疾病；在年龄与性别方面，不同中医证型患者分布，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；实验室指标方面，糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、三酰甘油（TAG）、血肌酐（Cr）、血尿素氮（BUN）、谷草转氨酶（GOT）、平均血小板体积(MPV)、纤维蛋白原（FIB）不同证型间分布差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05），其余指标不同证型间比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：性别、年龄、实验室指标可以在一定程度上反映出2型糖尿病不同中医证型的区别，对于2型糖尿病的治疗应及时检测以上指标的水平值，并明确相应的证型，针对性地给予辨证论治或中西医结合治疗，在疾病的中后期要预防心脑血管疾病以及各种并发症的发生，改善患者的生命质量。

Distribution of TCM Syndromes and Related Factors in 898 Cases with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus:A Retrospective Study

To conduct a retrospective study on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) for the exploration of the relationship between the distribution of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndromes and related factors.Methods:The medical records of the level A tertiary TCM hospitals from the Information Statistics Center of the Hunan Provincial Health Commission were screened out and analyzed,and finally 898 patients were selected as the research subjects for the retrospective analysis.The TCM syndromes were investigated and their relationship with age,gender,and laboratory indicators were analyzed.Results:Among the 898 T2DM patients,the most common syndrome was liver and kidney yin deficiency,and the top comorbidities in T2DM patients were cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.In terms of age and gender,there were differences in the distribution of T2DM patients with different TCM syndromes(P<0.05).In terms of laboratory indicators,glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),triacylglycerols(TAG),blood creatinine(Cr),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),glutamic oxalacetic transaminase(GOT),mean platelet volume(MPV),and fibrinogen(FIB) in different syndromes were significantly different(P<0.05),but the other indicators were not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion:Gender,age,and laboratory indicators can reflect the difference in TCM syndromes of T2DM to a certain extent.For the treatment of T2DM,the level of the above indicators should be determined in time,and the corresponding syndrome should be identified.Targeted treatment based on syndrome differentiation or integrated TCM and western medicine should be launched to prevent the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and various complications in the middle and late stages of the disease,and to improve the quality of life of patients.