老年门诊患者共病状况的临床研究

目的研究老年门诊患者共病及老年综合征的发病情况及各疾病的分布。方法在6月内对389例在我院老年医学科门诊就诊的老年患者进行常规诊疗与老年评估,采用门诊简易老年患者疾病与功能评估的流程,由老年专科医师记录目前疾病状况,包括：躯体疾病、功能状态、精神状态;详细记录用药清单,由专人进行老年综合征评估。结果 389例老年门诊患者中有376例合并有老年综合征,其中患2种疾病的老年人有32例（8.2%）,患〉2种疾病的有344例（88.4%）。老年慢性躯体疾病中发病率较高的分别为高血压、冠心病、高脂血症、糖尿病、脑卒中、肿瘤等。老年综合征中多重用药、视力障碍、睡眠障碍、听力障碍、跌倒高风险、慢性疼痛等发生率均〉40%。结论老年门诊患者中96.6%患者合并存在老年综合征,按筛查比例从高到低分别为多重用药、视力障碍、睡眠障碍、听力障碍、跌倒高风险、慢性疼痛、骨质疏松、尿便异常、营养风险或营养不良、半失能或完全失能、认知障碍、抑郁状态、衰弱综合征。

Clinical study on comorbidity of elderly outpatient

Objective To evaluate the prevalence of comorbidity or geriatric syndrome and the distribution of every kinds of illness in the elderly outpatients. Methods 389 elderly outpatients form geriatric department were selected and observed in 6 months,comprehensive geriatric assessment（ CGA） was used. Physical diseases,functional status,mental status,pharmacy inventory were evaluated and recorded. Results There were 376 cases suffering from geriatric syndrome of all the 389 outpatients,and 32（8. 2%）with two kinds of diease,344（88. 4%） with more than two kinds of illnesses. The most popular physical disease included hypertension,coronary disease,hyperlipidemia,diabetes mellitus,stroke and tumors. The incidence rate of polypharmacy,vision disorder,sleep-disorder,deafness,falling-risk,rude pain in patients with geriatric syndrome was more than 40%. Conclusions 96. 6% of the outpatients in geriatric department suffer from geriatric syndrome with high incidence such as polypharmacy,vision disorder,sleep-disorder,deafness,fall-risk,rude pain,osteoporosis,urine-defecate abnormal,malnutrition or nutrition-risk,disability or half-disability,cognitive function impairment,depression and frailty.