不同人群丙型肝炎知识及行为和宣传材料需求调查

目的了解一般人群和高危人群对丙型肝炎（丙肝）防治知识的知晓情况及行为,对丙肝防治宣传材料的需求和喜好,为制定丙肝健康教育和宣传材料开发策略提供科学依据。方法采取随机整群抽样方法 ,对流动人口、城市居民、吸毒人员、暗娼4类人群进行匿名问卷调查和小组访谈。结果共回收有效问卷650份,调查流动人口155人,城市居民167人,吸毒人员219人,暗娼109人。丙肝传播途径知晓率依次为吸毒人员（8.3%）、暗娼（5.5%）、城市居民（1.8%）、流动人口（0.6%）。丙肝预防方法知晓率依次为城市居民（3.6%）、吸毒人员（0.9%）、流动人口（0%）、暗娼（0%）。丙肝高危行为普遍存在,一般人群主要为牙科治疗、内窥镜、手术等;高危人群主要为与他人共用注射器、多性伴等。绝大多数调查对象以往从未接触过丙肝防治宣传材料,对丙肝宣传材料喜好主要为科教片、读本、挂历台历、挂图等。结论各类人群丙肝知识知晓率普遍较低,亟需加强丙肝健康教育,开发适宜的传播材料。

A survey of HCV related knowledge and behaviors among different groups of people and their demand and preference for health education materials

Objective To investigate the HCV related knowledge and behaviors among general population and high risk population,as well as their demand and preference for HCV health education materials,and to provide evidence for developing HCV health education materials. Methods Individuals were selected from the general population and high risk population including migrant people,urban residents,drug users,and female sex workers （FSWs） by randomized cluster sampling and were subjected to anonymous questionnaires and groups interviews. Results Of the 650 effective respondents,155 were migrant people,167 were urban residents,219 were drug users and 109 were female sex workers. 8.3% of the drug users,5.5% of the female sex workers,1.8% of the urban residents and 0.6% of the migrant people were aware of the route of HCV transmission; 3.6% of the urban residents,0.9%of the drug users,0% of the migrant people and 0% of the FSWs were aware of the approaches to HCV prevention. High risk behaviors among the general population were mainly associated with dental care,endoscopy and surgical operation,and those among the high risk population were mainly associated with injecting device sharing,and multi-sexual partners. Most respondents had never been exposed to HCV related materials before. They preferred such HCV related materials as science education videos,handbooks,calendars and posters. Conclusion The HCV related knowledge among different groups of population was generally limited. Health education and materials development should be strengthened among them.