1994年中国糖尿病患病率及其危险因素

为调查全国糖尿病及糖耐量低减（ＩＧＴ）的患病率及糖尿病危险因素，对全国１９省市年龄≥２５岁的２２４２５１人群进行横向普查，根据１９８５年ＷＨＯ标准，年龄在２５～６４岁的２１３５１５人群中，糖尿病患病率为２．５１％，糖耐量低减患病率为３．２０％（按１９９０年全国人口年龄标化后患病率）；新诊断糖尿病的比例（７０．３３％）明显高于已确诊的糖尿病者。现患病率是１０年前的３．０倍左右，其中农村患病率的增长高于城市。经多因素ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ逐步回归分析显示，年龄、体重指数或腰臀围比、糖尿病家族史、高血压、低体力活动、高收入为非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（ＮＩＤＤＭ）的独立危险因素，而且在高收入人群中，低文化程度也为ＮＩＤＤＭ的独立危险因素。

PREVALENCE OF DIABETES AND ITS RISK FACTORS IN CHINA 1994 National Diabetes Prevention and Control Cooperative Group.

We studied the prevalence of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance(IGT) and their risk factors in the population of China. It was a population based, cross sectional study of 224 251 residents aged 25 years and over in 19 provinces and areas, including cities and rural areas of the North, South, East, West and central China. Using 1985 WHO criteria, We found the prevalence of diabetes and IGT were 2.51% and 3.20% respectively in 213 515 subjects aged 25 to 64 years. 70.33% of the subjects had newly recognised diabetes. The prevalence of diabetes in China is about 3 times higher than it was ten years ago, and the rate is increasing faster in the countryside than in cities. On average, subjects with diabetes are older, have higher personal annual incomes, and have more frequently a family history of diabetes. They also have higher mean body mass index (BMI), ratio of circumference of the waist to hip, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and a greater prevalence of hypertension. They perform less physical activity and receive less education than persons with normal OGTT. Multiple logistic, stepwise regression analysis shows that age, BMI(or WHR), family history of diabetes, hypertension, less physical activity and higher annual income are independent risk factors of NIDDM, and that low education is also an independent risk factor of NIDDM in people with higher personal annual income.