1079名职工15年血压变化随访研究

目的探讨1079名职工15年的血压变化情况和高血压药物治疗的效果。 方法参照全国高血压抽样调查的有关标准，对6个基层单位1079名职工于1983年和1998年分别进行了血压调查。 结果(1)血压均值收缩压男升高22mmHg,女升高16.9mmHg；舒张压男升高11mmHg，女升高12.7mmHg(P<0.05);(2)高血压患病率升高26.1％，其中男升高25.03％，女升高28.28％(p<0.05);(3)正常血压者15年内有27.9％成为高血压，年发病率1.86％；临界高血压者72.6％成为高血压，年发病率4.84％;(4)高血压控制率2.9％。⑤高血压与脑卒中发病率密切相关（P<0.001）;(6)高血压服药率46.6％，服药种类以复方降压片为主，占25.2％;(7)服药治疗对高血压控制和脑卒中发病率均无显著影响（P>0.05）。 结论该人群血压均值和高血压发病率均随年龄增长显著升高，高血压控制率低，脑卒中患病率高，药物治疗效果差。应大力开展高血压防治知识的宣传，增强保健意识；加强对基层高血压病人服药的监控，进一步提高高血压管理率和控制率。

Fifteen Years' Blood Pressure Change in 1079 Workers

Aim To study the change of blood pressure in 1079 workers for fifteen years and the effect of anti-hypertension drugs therapy. Methods We investigated the blood pressure of 1079 workers who were enrolled in six organizations in the year 1983 and 1998 respectively. Results During the 15 years: (1)Mean value of blood pressure: systolic blood pressure increased 22 mmHg in man and 16.9 mmHg in women; diastolic blood pressure increased 9 mmHg in man and 12.7 mmHg in women (P<0.05);(2)The incidence of hypertension increased by 25.03% in man and 28.28% in women;(3)The prevalence rate of hypertension is 27.9 percent in people with initially normal blood pressure (1.86%/y) and 72.6 percent in initially broder line hypertension (4.84%/y);(4)The control rate of hypertension is 2.9 percent;(5)The incidence of stroke is highly related to hypertension (P<0.001);(6)46.6 percent patients had a regular drug therapy, mainly reserpini complex(25.2%);(7)Drug therapy has no obviously effect of the control of hypertension and the incidence of stroke. Conclusion Both the mean value of BP and the incidence of hypertension were increased with age. The control rate of hypertension was low and the drug therapy shows little advantage. We should do mach more works to popularize the knowledge of the prevention of hypertension. Improve people's self-prevention. Regular cheek should be given to the hypertension patients.