中老年人群颈动脉斑块的检出率及其影响因素

目的探讨中老年人群颈动脉斑块的检出情况及影响因素。方法随机分层抽取唐山开滦(集团)有限责任公司≥40岁、既往无脑卒中、短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)、心肌梗死的在职及离退休职工共6330人为调查对象,进行统一问卷调查、血液生化及颈动脉超声检查,并对相关危险因素进行多因素Logistic回归分析。结果研究人群中颈动脉斑块的检出率为41.3%,不稳定斑块检出率为22.1%,稳定斑块的检出率为19.2%。随着年龄的增长颈动脉斑块检出率增加(P<0.01)。多因素分析结果提示:男性、高龄(50～<60,60～<70,≥70岁)、高收缩压、高空腹血糖、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)是稳定斑块的危险因素,其OR值分别为1.774、2.357、4.191、8.968、1.751、1.499、1.446;男性、高龄(50～<60,60～<70,≥70岁)、高收缩压、高空腹血糖、高三酰甘油、吸烟是不稳定斑块的危险因素,其OR值分别为2.017、3.570、10.776、48.526、1.777、1.974、1.614、1.616。结论中老年人群中颈动脉斑块的检出率为41.3%。颈动脉稳定斑块的影响因素为:性别、高龄、收缩压、空腹血糖、LDL-C。颈动脉不稳定斑块的影响因素为:性别、年龄、收缩压、空腹血糖、三酰甘油、吸烟。

The detection rate and influential factors of carotid artery plaque in the elderly population

Objective To study the detection rate and influential factors of carotid artery plaque in the elderly population.Methods A total of 6330 employees being employed retired from Tangshan Kailuan company who were beyond 40 years old were identified to take part in the study through stratified random sampling.Subjects with previous stroke,transient ischemic attack(TIA),myocardial infarction were excluded.All information were obtained from the unified questionnaire,measure of blood biochemistry and carotid artery ultrasonography.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors affect the carotid artery plaque.Results The detection rate of carotid artery plaque in the population was 41.3%,which were 22.1% and 19.2% for unstable plaque and stable plaque,respectively.The detection rate of carotid artery plaque was increased with age.Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that male,age(50-<60,60-<70 and ≥70 years old),systolic blood pressure(SBP),fasting plasma glucose(FPG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)were the risk factors of stable plaque,the odds ratios were 1.774,2.357,4.191,8.968,1.751,1.499,1.446,respectively.Male,age(50-<60,60-<70 and ≥70 years old),SBP,FPG,total cholesterol(TC),hsCRP and smoking were the risk factors of unstable plaque,the odds ratios were 2.017,3.570,10.776,48.526,1.777,1.974,1.614,1.616,respectively.Conclusion The detection rate of carotid artery plaque in the elderly population is 41.3%.The influence factors of carotid plaque stabilization are gender,age,SBP,FPG and LDL-C.The influence factors of carotid unstable plaque are gender,age,SBP,FPG,TG and smoking.