张家港市社区健康教育防控境外输入性疟疾再传播效果

目的　评价张家港市社区健康教育用于提高出归国人员疟疾防控意识的效果，为制定防控境外输入性疟疾再传播措施提供参考依据。方法　2018—2019年，在张家港市各社区实施出归国人员疟疾健康教育干预，比较目标人群干预前后疟疾防治知识和就医行为变化。结果　2018年7月至2019年12月，张家港市共有赴境外疟疾流行区的出归国人员367人，发现境外输入性疟疾病例18例。实施社区健康教育干预后，目标人群疟疾防治知识知晓率由干预前的35.09％提高到93.08％，差异有统计学意义（χ2] = 78.130，P < 0.01）；自带抗疟药和发病后自行应急服药人员比例分别从干预前的12.14％和11.43％增加到26.79％和26.79％，差异均有统计学意义（χ2] = 8.793、9.834，P均< 0.05）；疟疾患者从发病至确诊的平均时长从干预前的（5.86 ± 4.45） d缩短至（3.11 ± 1.28） d，差异有统计学意义（U = 64.000，P < 0.05）。结论 在社区精准管理基础上开展社区疟疾健康教育干预措施，可作为张家港市防控输入性疟疾再传播的措施之一。

Evaluation of the effectiveness of community health education for the prevention and control of retransmission of imported malaria in Zhangjiagang City

Objective　To increase the awareness of malaria prevention and control among people going abroad and returners, so as to prevent the local retransmission of oversea imported malaria.Methods　Health education interventions for malaria control were given to people going abroad and returners in communities, and the changes of malaria prevention and control knowledge and medical?seeking behaviors were observed among the target populations. Results　There were 367 people going abroad and oversea returners from malaria?endemic areas in Zhangjiagang City from July 2018 to December 2019, and 18 imported malaria cases were found. Following the implementation of community health education, the awareness of malaria prevention and control knowledge increased significantly from 35.09% to 93.05% among the target populations (χ2 = 78.130, P < 0.01), and the proportions of carrying anti?malarial drugs and administration of anti?malarial drugs for emergency treatment increased from 12.14% and 11.46% to 26.79% and 26.79% (χ2 = 8.793 and 9.834, P < 0.05), respectively. In addition, the mean duration from malaria onset to the definitive diagnosis reduced from (5.86 ± 4.45) days to (3.11 ± 1.28) days (U = 64.000, P < 0.05). Conclusion　Community health education based on the precision community administration is an effective approach for malaria control in current era.