暴发性1型糖尿病研究现状

暴发性1型糖尿病起病急骤,病情进展迅速,短期内胰岛β细胞几乎全部破坏,临床上常以严重的酮症酸中毒为首发症状,但糖化血红蛋白却接近正常,并叮伴有胰酶水平的升高.该病在亚洲人群中多见,其确切的发病机制尚不清楚,目前认为是遗传和环境凶素共同作用的结果.现时暴发性1型糖尿病的流行病学特点、临床及免疫学特征、发病机制、诊断标准、治疗及预后进行综述.

Fulminant type 1 diabetes

Fulminant type 1 diabetes is a new subtype of type 1 diabetes mellitus. The disease is characterized by its acute onset, rapid progression and almost complete destruction of pancreatic p cells in a short period. Clinically,it manifests severe diabetic ketoacidosis at onset,but the level of glycosylated hemoglobin is almost normal and the level of serum pancreatic enzyme is increased. Fulminant type 1 diabetes is more common in Asian populations. The pathogenesis of the disease remains to be clarified,however,more evidence suggest that both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the development of it. Here reviews the recent studies on prevalence, clinical and immunologic characteristics,pathogenesis,the diagnostic criteria, treatment and the prognosis of fulminant type 1 diabetes.