恶唑烷酮类药物利奈唑胺耐药基因optrA研究进展

抗生素在疾病的预防与治疗过程中发挥了极其重要的作用,但细菌耐药性问题变得日趋严重,加重了临床治疗疾病的难度,给人类公共安全构成了潜在威胁。恶唑烷酮类药物主要用于革兰阳性菌导致的严重感染,尤其对多重耐药菌、如MRSA等导致的感染有较好的效果。我国学者于2015年首次发现编码恶唑烷酮类药物耐药基因optrA,它在质粒或染色体上都可以存在,但大多位于质粒上。目前,耐药基因optrA在肠球菌、松鼠葡萄球菌及链球菌中已有报道,这表明该基因具有较强的跨菌传播能力,关于optrA基因的流行与传播,应当引起高度重视。本文对这一新耐药基因optrA的研究进展进行综述,以期为临床合理用药,耐药菌株的检测及阐明耐药的传播机制提供参考。

Advances in oxazolidinone drug linezolid resistance gene optrA

Antibiotics play an important role in the prevention and treatment of diseases, however, the problem of bacterial resistance has become increasingly serious, aggravating the difficulty of clinical treatment of diseases, and posing a potential threat to human public security. Oxazolidinones are mainly used for severe infections caused by gram-positive bacteria, especially for infections caused by multi-drug resistant bacteria, such as MRSA. In 2015, optrA was first discovered by Chinese scholars, with a gene encoding oxazolidinone resistance existing on both plasmids and chromosomes, but mostly on plasmids. At present, drug resistance gene optrA has been reported in enterococcus, staphylococcus squirrel and streptococcus, which indicates that this gene has a strong ability to spread across bacterias, so the prevalence and spread of optrA gene should be paid great attention. This paper reviews the research progress of optrA to provide references for the rational use of drugs, detection of drug-resistant strains and elucidating the transmission mechanism of drug resistance.