西安地区支气管哮喘患者特异性IgE检测结果分析

目的 了解西安地区支气管哮喘(简称哮喘)患者外源性过敏原特异性IgE(sIgE)和总IgE在不同年龄的特点,探讨哮喘的致病因素,为环境控制和免疫治疗提供依据.方法 收集2016年10月至2017年1月西安交通大学第二附属医院呼吸内科及儿科门诊临床诊断为哮喘患者140例,按年龄分为成人组和少儿组,使用免疫印迹法过敏原sIgE抗体检测试剂盒,测定哮喘患者血清中的sIgE和总IgE浓度,并比较两组间变应原分布及差异.结果 140例哮喘患者中,总IgE阳性率少儿组、成人组分别为53.4%和60.9%,两组差异无统计学意义.在吸入性过敏原中,少儿组吸入性过敏原sIgE阳性率以屋尘、猫毛/狗毛皮屑为主,阳性率分别为44.78%和27.59%;成人组吸入性过敏原sIgE阳性率以户尘螨、屋尘为主,阳性率分别占63.41%和48.78%.在食物性过敏原中,少儿组中鱼贝蟹、小麦、牛羊肉阳性率分别为18.97%、13.79%和12.07%;而成人组中,食物性过敏原sIgE阳性率以鱼贝蟹、鸡蛋、腰果/花生最高,分别为30.49%、30.49%和26.83%.分别对两组变应原比较,在吸入性过敏原中,成人组和少儿组树组合阳性率分别为31.71%和8.62%,户尘螨阳性率分别为63.41%和10.34%,两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).在食物性过敏原中,成人组和少儿组鸡蛋阳性率分别为30.49%和10.34%,腰果/花生阳性率分别为26.83%和6.89%,两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 成人组及少儿组总IgE和sIgE检出阳性率差异无统计学意义,但常见吸入性和食物性变应原检测的过敏原并不完全相同,为不同年龄组间哮喘患者的临床诊治提供科学的依据.

Analysis of specificity IgE detection results in patients with bronchial asthma in Xi'an

Objective To investigate the allergens characteristics with bronchial asthma at different age groups in Xi'an area,to find athogenic factors of bronchial asthma and to provide a basis for the environment control and immunotherapy.Methods From October 2016 to January 2017,140 cases of asthma were diagnosed in the respiratory medicine and outpatient department of respiratory of the second affiliated hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong university.They were divided into adult group and children group according to age.Serum allergens sIgE and all IgE in 140 asthma cases in the children group and the adult group were detected by using western blotting with pathogenic factors of bronchial asthma,and the results were retrospectively analyzed.Results In 140 cases,positive rate of total IgE in the children group and the adult group was 53.4% and 60.9% respectively,and it showed no significant differences (P>0.05).In inhalant allergens,sIgE positive rate in 58 cases of the children group was main in house dust,cat/dog dander,which accounted for 44.78% and 27.59% respectively;sIgE positive rate in 82 cases of the adult group was main in dermatophagoides pteronyssinus,house dust,which accounted for 63.41% and 48.78% respectively.In ingested allergens,sIgE positive rate in 58 cases of the children group was main in crab fish,wheat and beef/mutton,which accounted for 18.97%,13.79% and 12.07% respectively;sIgE positive rate in 82 cases of the adult group was main in crab fish,egg and cashew/peanut,which accounted for 30.49%,30.49% and 26.83% respectively.In inhalant allergens,sIgE positive rate of tree combination and dermatophagoides pteronyssinus was in adult group was higher than in the children group,which was 31.71%/8.62% and 63.41%/10.34%.The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).In food allergens,sIgE positive rate of egg and cashew/peanut in adult group was higher than in the children group,which was 30.49%/10.34% and 26.83%/6.89%.The difference was statistically significant difference (P<0.05).Conclusions There was no statistically significant difference in total IgE and sIgE between adult group and the children group.But in the two groups,there was difference in the types of allergens in inhalant and food allergens,providing scientific basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of asthma among different age groups.