甘肃省鼠疫疫源地蚤类DNA条形码分析

目的将DNA条形码技术应用到蚤类鉴定中,提高甘肃省鼠疫监测质量。方法在甘肃省鼠疫疫源地4个县(区)采集57份蚤类样本,PCR扩增细胞色素c氧化酶亚基(COI)基因片段,PCR产物进行测序;序列进行比对,采用Mega 7.0软件计算种内及种间遗传距离,邻接法构建系统发育树。结果共测得4科9属11种57条COI基因序列。发现种内遗传距离为0~1.8%,种间遗传距离为12%~25%;种间遗传距离显著大于种内遗传距离。进化树显示所有蚤类COI序列形成11个单一分支,种间分支明显。结论 DNA条形码能够用于甘肃省鼠疫疫源地蚤类的分子鉴定,克服形态学鉴定方法的缺陷。

DNA barcoding on the fleas in the plague foci of Gansu Province

Objective The technology of DNA barcoding was applied to the identification of the fleas to improve the quality of plague surveillance in Gansu Province.Methods A total of 57 samples of the fleas were collected from 4 counties(districts) in plague foci of Gansu Province.The COI gene was amplified by PCR, and then sequenced.The sequence was aligned.The genetic distance within and between species was calculated by software of Mega, and the phylogenetic tree was constructed by NJ method.Results A total of COI gene sequences from 11 species, 9 genera, 4 families were obtained.It was found that the intraspecific genetic distance was 0~1.8%, the interspecific genetic distance was 12~25%.The interspecific genetic distance was significantly greater than the intraspecific genetic distance.The evolutionary tree showed that COI sequence of all fleas formed 11 single branches, with the obvious interspecific branches.Conclusion DNA barcoding can be used for molecular identification of fleas in plague foci of Gansu Province and overcome the defects of morphological identification methods.