陕西省鼠疫疫区形态变异沙鼠的鉴定

目的对鼠疫疫区监测中捕获到的形态学变异沙鼠进行分类鉴定。方法运用形态学鉴定技术和DNA条形码技术综合鉴定。结果该鼠体重50.3 g,体长115 mm,尾长88 mm,后足长28 mm,耳长16 mm。颅骨长31.6 mm,宽19.8 mm,齿隙长9.1 mm。体背棕灰色,基部暗灰色,中段沙黄色,尖端黑色;腹毛污白色,尾毛鲜棕黄色,下面杂生白毛,尾端有黑色毛束。爪基部浅褐色,尖部灰色。DB沙鼠的序列与NCBI中子午沙鼠序列同源性为99%。NJ系统发育树显示所有测试沙鼠序列成两个高置信度分支,长爪沙鼠聚为一类,DB沙鼠与子午沙鼠聚为一类,DB沙鼠与子午沙鼠遗传距离≤1%,与长爪沙鼠遗传距离为9-10%。结论定边县鼠疫监测中形态学变异沙鼠鼠种为子午沙鼠。

Identification of morphologic variation meriones in plague epidemic area of Shaanxi Province

Objective To identify the morphological variation of meriones encountered in the monitoring of plague epidemic area.Methods Using morphological identification and DNA barcoding to identify.Results The merione weighed 50.3 g,the body length was 115 mm, tail length was 88 mm, hind foot length was 28 mm, and ear length was 16 mm.The skull was 31.6 mm long, 19.8 mm wide and the length of backlash was 9.1 mm.The back of body was brown gray, the base was dark gray, the middle was sand yellow, tip was black;Abdomen hair was dirty white, tail hair was bright palm yellow, under the tail was white hair, the end of tail was black hair bundle.Claw base was light brown, tip was gray.The sequence of DB merione has 99% homology with that of NCBI.NJ phylogenetic tree showed that the sequences of all tested meriones were divided into two branches with high confidence, meriones unguiculatus were grouped into one group, DB and meriones meridianus were grouped into another group, the genetic distance between DB and meriones meridianus was less than 1%, and the genetic distance between DB and meriones unguiculatus was 9 to 10%.Conclusion The morphological variation of gerbils in plague monitoring in dingbian county was meriones meridianus.