动脉溶栓和支架置入术治疗急性基底动脉闭塞

目的:探讨和评价急性基底动脉闭塞(BAD)预后的预测因素以及动脉溶栓和支架置人术治疗BAO的临床疗效.方法:52例BAO患者,在3～48 h内采用重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂或尿激酶动脉溶栓,溶栓后血管残余狭窄＞50%的部分再通者行支架置入术.术前进行美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分,术后3个月时进行改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分.临床资料应用逐步多因素logistic回归分析和Fisher确切概率检验.结果:血管完全再通24例(46.2%),部分再通16例(30.7%),未再通12例(23.1%).mRS评分:转归良好22例(42.3%),生存32例(61.5%),死亡20例(38.5%).BAD预后与NIHSS评分(P＜0.01)、治疗时间窗(P＜0.05)以及溶栓后血管再通程度(动脉溶栓和支架置入术后)(P＜0.01)显著相关;动脉溶栓后血管良好再通与NIHSS评分(P＜0.01)和治疗时间窗(P＜0.05)显著相关.多因素分析显示,NIHSS评分(P＜0.01)和血管再通程度(P＜0.01)可独立预测BAO预后.结论:NIHSS评分＜14分和血管再通良好是BAO预后良好的独立预测因素,快速及时地动脉溶栓和支架置人术是治疗BAD安全有效的措施.

Intra-Arterial Thrombolysis and Stenting for Acute Basilar Artery Occlusion

Objectire:To explore and evaluate the predictors for the prognosis of acute besilar artery occlusion(BAO)and the clinical efficacy of intra-arterial thrombolysis and stenting for BAO.Methods:Intra-arterial thrombolysis was administered with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator or urokinase in 52 patients with BAO within 3 to 48 hours.Stenting was performed in patients whose partial recanalization of residual stenosis＞50%after the thrombolysis.National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)score was measured before the procedure,and the modifled Rankin scale(mRS)score was obtained at 3 months after the procedure.The clinical data were evaluated with the multivariable stepwise logistic regression analysis and Fisher's exact test.Results:Complete recanalization achieved in 24 patients(46.2%),partial recanalization in 16 patients(30.7%),and non-recanalization in 12 patients(23.1%).mRS scores:22 patients(42.3%)had a favorable outcome,32 survived(61.5%),and 20 died (38.5%).The prognosis of BAO was significantly correlated with the NIHSS score(P＜0.01),therapeutic time window (P ＜0.05) and recanalization level (after the thrombolysis and stenting)(P＜0.01 );the good recanalization after the intra-arterial thrombolysis was significantly correlated with the NIHSS score (P ＜0.01) and therapeutic time window (P ＜0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that the NIHSS score ＜ 14 (P ＜ 0.01 ) and good recanalization could independently predict the favorable prognosis of BAO.Conclusions:The NIHSS score ＜ 14 and good recanalization were the independent predictors for good prognosis of BAO.The rapid and timely treatment of BAO with intra-arterial thrombolysis and stenting is a safe and effective measure.