气象因素对南昌市居民脑血管病发病影响的研究

目的 探讨气象因素对脑血管病发病的影响.方法 收集南昌大学第一附属医院神经内科2006-2008年3年期间1972例家住南昌市居民的急性卒中住院病例资料,对脑梗死、脑出血和蛛网膜下腔出血(subarachnoid hemorrhage,SAH)住院患者进行卒中发病时间的特征分析,找出其发病规律;同时,根据南昌市气象局提供的月平均气温、月平均最高气温、月平均最低气温、月平均气压、月平均最高气压、月平均最低气压、月平均日照时间、月平均最大温度差以及月平均最大气压差等主要月气象指标,分析气象因素对各种脑血管病发病的影响.结果 脑梗死、脑出血和SAH发病年龄男性略早于女性;脑梗死和脑出血男性发病高于女性,而SAH女性发病高于男性.脑梗死夏季高发,脑出血春冬季高发,夏季低发,SAH冬季发病人数更多.以60～80岁的患者居多.结论 脑出血冬季发病人数更多,而脑梗死发病季节规律不明显.脑梗死与高气温和日照多有关,而脑出血与高气压和冷气团有关.多种气象因素相互协同或拮抗共同影响发病,气象要素异常波动,气温与气压配置失衡易诱发急性卒中发病.

Impact of meteorological factors on the onset of cerebrovascular disease in Nanchang residents

Objective To investigate the impact of meteorological factors on the onset of cerebrovascular disease.Methods The information of inpatients with acute stroke of 1972residents who lived in Nanchang admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University were recruited.The characteristics of stroke onset time in inpatients with cerebral infarction,cerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAId)were analyzed,and their occurrence regularity was found out.At the same time,the impact of meteorological factors on the onset of a variety of cerebrovascular diseases and the main meteorological indicators in a month provided by Nanchang Weather Bureau was analyzed,including monthly mean temperature,monthly mean temperature(maximum and minimum),monthly mean atmospheric pressure(maximum and minimum),monthly mean duration of sunshine,monthly mean temperature difference(maximum),and monthly mean atmospheric pressure difference(maximum).Results The age of the onset of cerebral infarction,cerebral hemorrhage and SAH in males was slightly earlier than females; the onset of cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage in males was higher than in females,while the onset of SAH in females were higher than in males.The onset of cerebral infarction was higher in summer; the onset of cerebral hemorrhage was higher in winter and spring,but it was lower in summer,more patients experienced SAH in winter,and most of the patients were 60 to80 years of age.Conclusions The onset of cerebral hemorrhage is more common in winter,but the seasonal pattern of the onset of cerebral infarction is not obvious.Cerebral infarction is associated with the high temperatures and more sunshine,while cerebral hemorrhage is associated with high atmospheric pressure and cold air mass.The mutual synergy or antagonist of a wariety of meteorological factors will commonly affect the onset.The abnormal fluctuations of meteorological elements,the imbalance of temperature and atmospheric pressure may easily induce acute stroke.