不同养老方式下老年人心理健康状况的比较研究

目的 比较不同养老方式下老年人的心理健康状况，并分析其相关因素。方法 采用自编老年心理健康问卷，评定对象为441例年龄55～106岁集中养老者和1010倒年龄55～96岁北京城区居家养老者。结果 两类养老方式下老年人的心理健康状况具有类似特点；心理健康水平有随教育程度的提高而改善的趋势；年龄差异不显著，居家养老者心理健康状况明显好于集中养老者。结论 两类养老方式最大区别在于养老机构中亲情纽带作用减弱。老年人缺少天伦之乐，容易产生负性情绪。使心理健康水平下降，这提示当前养老机构应重视对老年人的精神慰藉，物质与精神养老相结合已提到日程

A compartive study on mental health of the elderly in different styles of providing for the aged

Objective To compare mental health of the elderly in different styles of providing for the aged and analyze its related factors.Methods 441 subjects were in the range of 55~106 years old living in the organization of providing for the aged and 1010 subjects were in the range of 55~96 years old living at home from Beijing urban area. They were evaluated with mental health inventory for Chinese elderly.Results The characteristics of mental health of the elderly in different styles of providing for the aged were similar. Mental health improved with educational level increasing. The age difference of mental health is not significant. Mental health of the elderly living at home is better than that of the elderly living in the organization of providing for the aged significantly.Conclusions Lacking of feeling like with family members is the most important difference between the two different styles of providing for the aged. The elderly living in the organization of providing for the aged easily has negative emotion so that the level of mental health declines with it. It suggested that the organization of providing for the aged have to pay attention to psychological comfort for the elderly. Providing the elderly with material and spirit have been put forward today.